Common Ancestor
-DNA as Genetic Storage
-Ester bonds in cell membrane
Bacteria
-Presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall
Escherichia Coli
Common Ancestor Between Archea and Eukarya
-Presence of Histones
Archea
-Ether bonds present in cell Membrane
Mehanobrevibacter Smithii
Eukarya
- Membrane-bound Organelles
-Membrane-bound Nucleus
SAR clade
Common Ancestor of Stramenopila and Alveolata
-secondary Plastids
Stramenopila
-Tripartite flagellar hair
Giant Kelp
(Macrocystis pyrifera)
Diatomes
Alveolata
-Membranous vesicles on cell membrane
Dinoflagellate
Rhizaria
-Filose Pseudopodia
Radiolarians
Foraminiferas
Unikonta
Opisthokonta
-Single posterior flagellum on swimming cells
American Black Bear ( Ursus americanus)
Black Bread mold
(Rhizopus stolonifer)
Fly Agaric
(Amanita muscarla)
Amebozoa
-Movement with pseudopodia
Slime molds
Excavata
-Feeding groove
-Sceondary plastid
Euglenoids
Archaeplastida
-Primary Plastid
Green Algae
Common Ancestors of Charophytes and land plants
-Cellulose in cell walls
-Proteins
- Enzymes
LAND PLANTS
-Atypical Mainstem
-Sporic life cycle
-Presence of embryo
-Desiccation-resistant spores
-Presence of gametangia
-Presence of Sporangia
Common Ancestor
Common Ancestor
Common Ancestor
VASCULAR PLANTS
-Dominate generation is sporophyte
-Thick waxy cuticle
-Stomata
-Xylem and Phloem distribute water and sugars
-Presence of lingnin
Common Ancestor
- Megaphylls
SEED PLANTS
- Pollen
- Seed
- Heterospory
- Wood
- Ovules
Angiosperm
-Flowers
-Ovaries
-Endosperm
-Fruit
Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)
White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)
Gymnosperm
Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)
Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
monilophytes
Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris)
Lycophytes
-Lychophyllus leaves
Fan clubmoss (Diphasiastrum digitatum)
Hornwarts
Field hornwort (Anthoceros agrestis)
Mosses
Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens
Liverworts
Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha)
Charophytes
-Tissue growth throughout body
-Zygotic Life cycle
Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii)
Chlorophytes
Rhodophytes