Exam
Main topic
Main topic
Main topic
Post-Midterm
7 Design & Culture
1 Consumer
Engineering
T
Design as culture &
its effect on everyday life
Subtopic
8 Being Responsible
Meaningful Design
Victor Papanek
Replace
value-laden
terms
Goal
1
Humanitarian
(Product)
Design
Designers as
Activists
Must
Deliver
Catalysts
& engagement
Product
(form &
function)
Focus of
Design
a manifesto
2008
Project H
Design
Emily Pilloton
Assess
Fuction
Impact
Short-Range
Long-Range
Seperated in
design process
Non-obvious
consequences
Method of
Analysis
User-Oriented Design
Design
Intelligence
Appropriate
Technologies
Appro-Tech
Field of
Engineering
Solutions for
basic problems
Focus
Process-
centered
Results-
driven
Users =
co-designers
On-site
assembly
Local
materials
8a
Contemporary considerations of (social) responsibility as role of designers
What is a designer�s focus?
W/ various disciplines (internships), esp. design schools. Hands on. Real clients.
[Slide: Pilloton argues that design is inherently political, subject and subversive.
8b
Activitsts that deliver catalysts & engagement, not just process. Not products.
Method of analysis to apply to anything - Seperate perceived function & impact (short and long range) of design.
[Slide: User-oriented design, design intelligence, appropriate technologies (appro-tech). Process-centered, results-driven, views users as co-designers, solutions rely on on-site assumbly and local materials. Ex: MoneyMaker micro-irrigation pump, developed by Kick Start, cost $30-90.]
.. concern of usefulness of what we learn in university-setting - why bother?
How do we then apply these skills to real world = be then active or activists in real world? What are we actually learning and how can we apply them to career? Why write essays with footnotes, etc. - Critical thinking skills - thinking through writing/drawing/presentations.
Recently, push for more practical - architecture schools, increasingly design/build studios. Model, drawing -> working with clients, Samuel Mockby (pioneered concept).
Design schools need tof focus less on aesthetics, more on activism, real production techniques, real clients. How effective are these types of hands-on expreiences? Is activism valued int eh school setting?]
T
T1
1
T1
T1
T1
Papanek's Meaninful Design
Appro-tech
Activist Design
Catalysts and Engagement
8
Opinions?
9 The Problem with Technology
Modern Technology
Design and the Elastic Mind
Nanotopia
T
10 - Sociology in Practice
Sociology as Practice
Social science
Transformed design practice
Foreground
Users
Behaviours
Interactions with
Objects
Mini Cooper
BMW
Mediocre
Critics
Driving Performance
Positive
emotional
response
To Appearance
1a
People
2
Technology
Needs
Research Methods
Since 1960s
Importance for deisgn
Human-centered
T2
Experiential
Empathic
3
Other tools
Cognitive models
Interviews
Social Network theory
3c
Theories
Name ?
Emotion
Cognition
Adapted to
design profession
1
Subtopic
Subtopic
T1
Ethnogoraphy
Anthropology
Interpretive ethnogoraphy
Reseracher's own changed/changing subjectivity
Awareness of
(perspective)
due to
Process
Interaction
T3
3a
Business Ethnography
more
human-centered approach
Think critically about
Design Process
Outcomes
Human Interaction
3b
The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces
1980
The Importance of interpreting data
3d
3d
Terms
T1
1
T2
T3
T4
3
Emotion & Cognition
Human-centered experiential design
Interpretative Ethnography
Post-modernism
0
11 Design for Sustainability
Design & Sustainability
Victor Papanek
Made with low-tech
For disabled
With craft ideals
Consumer culture
Negative effects on:
Society
Environment
Buckminster Fuller
High-tech approach
Designers need to consider
Limited Resources
During globalization
Influential
Human sustainability
Conditions
Present
Future
Survival
Social well-being
Culture in design
Caused recent developments in design
Empathetic
Activist
Post-product Society
Design
Managing relationship
Humankind
Their Environment
Boarding Tube
Jaime Lerner
Institute for Research in Urban Planning
All projects
Integrated service
Within broader planning vision
Curitiba, Brazil
"Metro-nizing" the bus system
1
Green Design or Greenwashing?
The Green Consumer
Niche market/lifestyle
Designated new, late 1980s
Companies promoting ecological conscience
Body Shop
2
T4
Sustainability
Sociological dilemma
Social science research methods + theories
Critical to contemporary design profession
Must persuade people to adopt behaviour
3
Intentional Design
Combats disposable culture
Resurgence
of cloth diapers
Re-designed
for convenience
4
T2
A theory of sustainability
Stuart Walker
concept of things that matter
5
6
Terms
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
5
4
Design as Planning
Intentional Design
Walker's theory of sustainability
Greenwashing
12 The Future of Design Practice
Design thinking
Thinking OF
Imagining
Visualizing
Inventing
Thinking ABOUT
Considering
Reflecting
Deliberating
Thinking THROUGH
Understanding
Grasping
Figuring out
Thinking ABOUT design
Allows you to distinguish different methods & theories
Helps you focus
Design Principles
Human-centered
1
Technology-Driven
2
Product-centered
System-centered
T2
Design Methods
Participatory
Collaborative
Visualization
Mapping
Rapid Prototyping
3
Shifts focus from isolated product to system-wide perspective
T1
4 Principles of the New Designer
Making design relevant to business
The Challenge
4
Must understand project
Strategy
Development
To explain/communicate to audience
Businesses benefit from:
New ideas
Products
Ways of communicating
To differentiative themselves
Participatory design
Builds brand loyalty
Co-creation by audience
Contribute designs
Vote on t-shirts to produce
Threadless t-shirt company
Design intelligence or innovation
Designers are inventive
Eva Zeisel
Process must drive outcome
Not outcome driving process
Michael Speaks
Bruce Mau
Terms
Design Thinking
Design Principles
T1
T2
2a?
?
Approach
5:12
Social sciences important for human-tech.
esp. luxury cars
Lecture 9 � The Problem with Technology
People are:
Flexible
Adaptable
Clever
Influence of:
Postmodernist ideology
T4
Observation & Interpretation
Method of analysis
Social Science focus
2c?
2b?
Design
Thinking
w/ Designer?
7 (Rvw)
Review: Design as Culture, Everyday Life
Modernist ideology: rejected choice, variety, style: �fashion�.
Functionalism � new technologies, socially progressive mission
Commercial example: Model T Ford � black. (Manufacturer decides)
20s: Superseded by styling, expanded consumer choice.
Emergence of discipline: �engineering consumers� - goal of modern economy.
Mastered supply, need to keep consuming whether needed to be replaced - Modern capitalist economy relies upon it.
Designers/stylists - hired for �eye appeal� added value.
- Complicit/engaging in consumerist society. Broader cultural questions: How are products used/owned in everyday life?
(Anthropology � study of people and interactions with people/objects. Objects: vehicles for communicating ideas/beliefs about person. Extension of people.)
- Incorporate research methods for marketing/branding, innovation of products. Interaction.
- Creates problematic situation. Danger of reduced to signature. Image of designer or object, post war. Use function = irrelevant. Esp. Post-mod. product design, Memphis group � critique commodities as props for hyper-reality.
- Alternatives? Include history, place, user�s, culture � without intense commodification.
1. Everyone is a designer. Stop practicing. � But: Expertise, quality, rigor to design.
2. (Venturi) Employ cultural languages � comprehensible to every day people AND high culture taste groups. � But: Designs become kitsch or denigrates ostensible subject, e.g. blue collar community. Outside that group.
3. Audience-centered design, empathic/empathetic, audience is unique, not universal. Get in to their milieu / not controlled environment � Their needs/motivations.
- Part of general turn to socially responsible design.
whoa
Help designers understand
Everyday ways
?
"Who can design?"
"What can be designed?"
7 Design as culture - effect on everyday life
(Market-based economy 1900-present)
Consumer-led - recent
Early Modern functionalism (Bauhaus, Adolf Laos): Good design = perfect solution for everyone
Ideology - technological, progressive f.
Choice/variety/styles rejected
i.e. Rotary phone for 30 years, Model T Ford, black (seen as acceptable)
Legend I
Lecture Nicer
Lecture Now
Main Concept
Hitting numbers
Sub-concepts, major
Example
T1
1
My notes
Common Denominator
Look over
Ideology
3
Manufacturers decide, then stylists hired.
Eng. c. - convince consumers - advertising .. (Club Aluminum)
Growth ideology shapes contemporary design
Fashion
"pure" Functionalism
Aesthetic
Scarcity
connotating
"just a style"
CREATE
TOPIC BELOW
TOPIC ABOVE
TOPIC AFTER (R/D)
TOPIC AFTER (U/L)
DELETE
- SIZE
t.
e.
s.e.
d.
C.<
1
10
1.10
10
2.<
despite
Language
over
Legend II
Sub-Concept
Next
Quote
transition words now
Transition Worlds nicer
Era
Time vague
Choices Both/and Either/or?
Important common denominator
Time Now Also
Subnote
Significance
Concepts related to design
Unsure/Uncategorized Notes
Floating Bubbles, unchanged
Important - Me Says
Model
Function
Basis
Key
Inseperable
1. Visceral
Appearance
2. Behavioural
Pleasure/
Effectiveness
in use
3. Reflective
You can tell a story
about the product
Rationalization
Intellectualization