THE FUTURE
Going to
EXPRESSES
based on present evidence
When I grow up, I'm going to be a firefighter.
intentions
I failed my last exam. I'm going to study harder next year.
I'm going to study.
predictions
I don't understand. I'm going to fail the exam.
Look at the bright sky. I'ts gping to be a sunny day.
plans in the future
I'm going to study for my exam
Time expressions
ESTRUCTURE
Positive
Subject + to be + going to + verb in simple form + complement + time expression
I am going to study literature
You are going to play soccer
He is going to buy a present
Negative
Subject + to be NOT + going to + verb in simple form + complement + time expression
He not (isn't) going to marry her
I am not ('m not) going to go out tonight
You are not (aren't) going to buy another cake
Question
to be + subject + going to + verb in simple form + complement + time expression?
Am I going to get a new cellphone?
Is it going to rain tonight?
Are they going to organize the meeting?
Short answers
Yes, I am.
No, you aren't.
Yes, he is.
No, she isn't.
Yes, it is.
No, we aren't
Yes, you are.
No, they aren't.
IMPORTANT
the colloquial or informal word for “GOING TO” is “GONNA”. You can hear it or see it in movies or everyday conversation. However, if you are writing a formal text, choose the complete form “GOING TO”.
Will
MEANINGS
Auxiliary verb
Noun
EXPRESSES
promises, offers and requests
We use “Will” to make promises because, this structures stablishes the difference of an intention and a promise
Will you give me your paw?
I will love you for the rest of my life.
spontaneous decisions
I think we'll go right now.
Will you pass me the salt please?
predictions
Our outdoors ballet recital won´t be affected by the weather.
I think you will find the movie interesting.
no plan, no intention
there no are evidences
ESTRUCTURE
Affirmative
When we use will in an affirmative way, we try to describe an action that is possible to happen in the future.
SUBJECT + WILL + VERB
I will grow old with you
Subject will verb complement
If you say anything I will kill you!
I'll drive you to work if you want.
Negative
The negative sentences are used to express something that we believe is not possible to happen in the future
SUBJECT + WON'T + VERB
She won't go out with you, stop insisting.
Subject will not verb complement.
I told him to clean his room but he won't do it.
She won't listen to anything I say.
Interrogative
The interrogative sentences help us for activities in the future or requests in a polite way of something.
WILL + SUBJECT + VERB + ?
Will you do tomorrow ?
Will subject verb complement
Will they win the cup?
Will you tell him the truth?
CONTRACTIONS
I will - I'll
You will - you'll
He will - he'll
she will - she'll
it will - it'll
we will - we'll
you will - you'll
they will - they'll
IMPORTANT
The conjugation of the verb. NO "s", no "ing", no "ed" just the verb.