What is Grammar?
Descriptive Grammar
Definition
It is the description that linguists or grammarians make about a language.
Characteristics
Languageists describe the rules of the language that their speakers know and keep in mind.
They clearly and effectively describe a language, as well as its grammar rules.
They clearly and effectively describe a language, as well as its grammar rules.
Practice
When a speaker recognizes that a sentence is well structured, it means that it conforms to the mental grammar rule.
On the contrary, when a sentence is poorly structured, it means that it differs from the grammar rules
Teaching Grammars
Definition
Grammar is an important
part of language learning.
It uses in order for students can
spontaneously produce language
Process in 3 Steps
Presentation
Live-action, visual, printed,
verbal, audio, or animated.
Explanation
Inductive method
Learners are encourage to
formulate rules for themselves.
Deductive method
Learners are taught the rules and
features of the target language
Practice
Mechanical drills
Imitation, substitution, repetition
Meaningful drills
Make sentences, rewrite and translate sentences
Communicative drills
Use the structure flexibly
Universal Grammar
Definition
It is a pattern that all languages follow and is part of a child's innate ability to learn a language.
Generalities
Children are born with an innate device for acquiring language.
Every child is born with the tools to learn any language.
A child needs to observe the set of rules that other children use to understand and produce their mother tongue
Practice
A baby is born with his innate ability to learn a language
Prescriptive Grammar
Definition
It refers to a set of forms, which
allow us to know how sentences
should or should not be formed.
Characteristics
Written language
Arbitrary rules derived primarily
from written language
Arbitrary rules derived primarily
from written language
Molds language to ideal usage
Passes value judgments
“right” and “wrong”
Attempts to conserve
linguistic patterns
For Example
In American English the correct
form of 2nd person plural is you.
The systematic study and description of a language, dealing with the syntax and word structures of a language.
Usually the grammar intended as an aid to the learning of that language.
Types of Speeches
Verbs
Nouns
Pronouns
Conjuctions
Interjections
Prepositions
Adverbs
Adjectives