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6 Paradigms

#4 Cognitive Paradigm

How people think(their POV) from their:

Attitudes

Beliefs

Perceptions

Thoughts

Experiences

Schema

If a child is told they are stupid, dumb and will never amount to anything the child will start to believe these statements

Children believe what they are told about themselves and the world around them.

#5 Sociocultural Paradigm

Ecological Model

Looks at Social and Cultural factors and considers conditions outside of the individual culture

Pattern of relationships to each level in the Bronfenbrenner ecological model

Holistic Model (The whole Child)

Environment

Dysfunctional Environment Includes

Racism

Abuse

Gang Violence

Poverty

Community

Mental Health/ Learning difficulties

Religion

Illness

Friends/ Family

Attachment issue

Culture

Race

Sex

Gender

Ethnicity

#6 Two eyed seeing

Two eyed seeing

Learning to use both together can benefit everyone

Other eye has strength from Western knowledge

Compartmentalized

individualistic

Objective & Scientific

Hieratical

One eye has strength from indigenous knowledge

Interconnected

Non hierarchal

Subtopic

Traditional

Medicine Wheel

Strategies

Participating in and contributing to the community

Connecting with the land

Spiritual activities

Such as sweats, ceremonies and round dancing

Holistic

#3 Behavioral Paradigm

3. Social and Observational Learning

They will role model acceptable or unacceptable behaviour

Gentle and caring adult

Verbal, physical and emotional abuse

Domestic Violence

Research has shown that boys who witness their fathers perpetrating violence against women often grow up to do it as well, and girls who witness violence against their mothers may become later victims of violence.

Role modeling

Child will copy behaviours they see around them

2.Operant conditioning

In this form people engage in various behaviours, but it is what follows the behaviours, the consequences, that influences the likelihood of that behaviour occurring again in the future.

Punishment

Yelling and insulting

Taking away things one enjoys(electronics, etc)

Time outs/ Time Ins

Reinforcement

Ex. If every time a child threw a tantrum and the parent or caregiver didn't know how to handle the behaviour and would just give the child the tablet because that always makes him quiet down then the child will realize if he throws a tantrum he will always get the tablet.

Lollipop/ candy

Positive feedback

Stickers

1.Classical Conditioning

When there is a repeated response to a certain event

Ex. If right before dinner someone rang a bell to let you know after a while you will be conditioned to think about food whenever you hear the sound of a bell and subconsciously believe you are getting food right after.

#2 Psychodynamic Paradigm

Levels of Awareness

3.Unconscious

Has a significant influence on ones behavior

Freud believed that the unconscious mind to be the most significant level of awareness

Memories and traumatic events that can't be easily recalled

2.Preconscious

Feelings and memories that can be easily brought up to mind

1.Conscious

Memories, thoughts, feelings etc.

You are aware of

Attachment Theory

Insecure Attachment

Forms when caregiver is neglectful or not usually present

Not Ideal to have

Secure Attachment

Develop this with a healthy relationship with caregiver

Ideal to have

Personality Development

Superego

Ego

ID

Pleasure Principle

Seeks immediate gratification for it's impulses

Provides the energy for basic biological motives

Hunger, thirst, affection, warmth, and aggression

Present at birth

#1 Biological Paradigm

Neurotransmitters(Chemicals)

Norepinephrine

GABA

Serotonin

Levels of Dopamine

Brain Structure

Physical Trauma/ Injury to the brain

Drugs or alcohol at a young age

FASD

Behavioral paradigms encompass various learning theories that explain how individuals acquire and modify behaviors. Classical conditioning involves learning through association, where repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to a conditioned response.