As light meets matter, art under scrutiny

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As light meets matter, art under scrutiny

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Gamma rays

X-rays

Determines molecules based on the excitation levels

Can see through larger layers

Ultraviolet

Cannot see above 50 microns

Wavelength is too big for further penetration

UV Spectroscopy

Fluoroscence

Analyzes fluorescence of a sample

Reveals age of material based on absorption rate

Can reveal otherwise invisible details

Infrared

Closest to visible light

IR Spectroscopy

Suitable wavelength for further probing

Detects anomalies beneath paint by identifiing chemicals

Microwaves

Radio Waves

Visible Light

Reveals Colors

Evidence Against Authenticity

Animal Binder = late 19th Century

Underdrawing (not characteristic of artist)

Cadmium Yellow Lithopone pigment presence

Polyene UV absorbance of 0.6

Reaching a Conclusion

Scientific method supplements historian method

sometimes even after science results are inconclusive

Not dissimilar to helio/geo centric case

leap in technology can change facts and bring conclusion

Art Verification by scientist

Scientists falsify one another's conclusions

constant state of progress

unlike historian, considers multiple possibilities to explain results

can misinterpret results due to lack of historical context

Combines scientific method and high technology

Art Verification by artist

Appears to be prematurely conclusive

has expertise in field

needs extensive scientific analysis

Uses historic context to determine reliability

Spectroscopy

Absorption

excites molecules to higher energy states

Fluorescence

reflects light off molecules

Detects elements in samples

reveals underdrawings

reveals choice of pigments

reveals dates

Evidence for Authenticity

Emission spectra similar to authentic paintings

Absence of elements not available at the period

Composition of the painting matches that of pigments used during that period.

indistinguishable from other paintings of his

characteristic of his constructivist phase

many of the same visual elements

very similar to a Cézanne at Barnes Foundation