Atmospheric Chemistry
States of matter
Gas
Shape of container
Lots of space
Little attraction
Liquid
Fixed volume
Can flow to different places
Somewhat strong attraction
Solid
Fixed shape, volume, position
Strong attraction
Dalton’s particle model
Idea of atoms
The properties
The states of matter
Partial Pressures
Dalton’s Law of partial pressures
Total pressure
The sum of each individual gas pressures
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3….
Pgas = proportion x ptotal
Atmosphere
Nitrogen, oxygen, argon
Specific pressure of gas
Ideal gas mixture
Kinetic Molecular theory
All particles
Ideal gas behaviour
Not true
Particles
Elastic collisions
Conserved
Small gas particles
Large number of particles
Kinetic energy
Gas behaviours
Molecular motion
Brownian motion discovery
Particle collisions
Gas Laws
Combined Gas Law
P1 x V1 / T1 = P2 x V2 /T2
Constant
Number of moles
Large quantities
Atoms or molecules
Container
Litres
Speed of motion
Kelvin
Force exerted
Gas particles
Surface
KiloPascals
Physical constant
Molar gas constant
Standard conditions
Fixed variables
Temperature and pressure
Compare different sets of experiments
Quantitative relationships
Gas variables
Physical property
Gasses
Ideal Gas Law
Hypothetical gas properties
PV=nRT
Charle’s Law
V1/T1=V2/T2
Gay Lussac’s Law
Temperature
P1/T1=P2/T2
Boyle’s Law
Pressure
Inverse operation
P1xV1=P2xV2
Avogadro’s law
Volume
Number of particles
P1/n1=P2/n2