Biotechnology

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enzymes in industry

由NICOLAS QUEVEDO VELASCO-Alumno

Introductory biology is the study of biomolecules and cellular components that work together to enable the translation of proteins that are the building blocks of living organisms. Through the idea of central dogma and regulation processes that make sure every step of a process is done correctly so that mutation cannot occur, living organisms can produce and live a healthier life.

由DJ Zayas

The Working Cell

由معاذ العساف

DNA Generalities

由Montoya Tobón Montoya Tobón

BIOTECHNOLOGY

Tools

CRISPR

Recomb. DNA (Vaccine)

Plasmids/cloning vectors

What are they: DNA molecules that can be modified to store and replicate other DNA sequences. ex, Bacterial Plasmids, phages, viruses, artificial chromosomes.

How they work:

Restriction Enzyme

How they work: There are many different types of restriction enzymes. Generally speaking they recognize "palindromic DNA sequences". They either cut in the middle of the sequence (blunt cuts) or produce 5' hangover of a few bases (sticky ends)

Gel Electrophoresis

What is it: A way to separate fragments of DNA based on their size.

How it works: The DNA is placed into a matrix gel made of agarose. The gel is exposed to an electric field. DNA migrates to the positive electrode. Different size fragments move through the gel at different rates (smaller=faster). "DNA fingerprint" The unique banding pattern of a particular restriction enzyme digest of a part of a DNA sequence.

DNA Sequencing

PCR

What it is: The polymerase chain reaction is a way to produce many copies of a DNA without the use of cells.

How it works:

What how significant application

Sanger

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