roman history

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roman history

Roman Forum

the via sacra (sacred way) was a road that ran through it

this was the main market place

Roman legacy

our calendar is the same as the Romans

common glass, windows, hospitals and shopping complexes

common currency

common laws

common language

Roman religion

sarcophagus: coffin to cremate

River Styx: river to heaven

Charon: the legendary ferry man

burial customs: a coin is placed in the persons mouth to pay the ferry fare to Charon

Neptune - God of the sea

Mercury - messenger of the Gods

Venus - God of love

Mars - God of war

Juno - queen of the Gods

Jupiter - king of the Gods

each roman family had a shrine in their homes called a larium

What did Rome do for us?

legal system

towns and cities

cities founded by Rome: London and Paris

religion

the spread of christianity

catacombs - for hiding, praying and saying mass

politics

language

concrete

architecture

the calendar

shopping centres

central heating

aqueducts

roads

buildings

Roman army

you had to be 18 to join the army

training is very hard

a century: has 100 men and a centurion controls them

catapulta: small catapult

onager: small catapult

balista: big catapult

scorpion crossbow on a stand

rammer

the general: usually came from patrician background and was responsible for feeding the men

the aquila was a silver eagle and if it was taken the whole legion would be disbanded

flogging was a punishment for disobedience

soldiers served 20 to 25 years and were given a sum of money or a small plot of land when discharged

if mutiny was suspected every tenth man would be executed this was called decimation

signifier/standard holder

auxiliaries: these were non - Roman

a legion: made up of five cohorts

rations reduced also for punishment

soldiers equipment: metal helmet, scarf to protect and keep neck warm, shield was made of wood or leather with an iron rim, pila ( javelins ) and were 2 meters long 1/2 a meter long double edged sword (gladius) and a dagger.

testudo

a cohort: made up of ten centuries

army: 3 divisions

key words

Roman architecture

aqueducts: sloping bridges carrying water into the city

famous roads such as the via sacra and the via appia ( the appian way)

mile stones

over 20 main roads out of Rome

Romans were great road builders

all roads lead to Rome

concrete - mixture of lime, water and volcanic ash and made buildings stronger and able to last longer

the Pantheon: Roman dome built in 25BC , it had columns, arches and domes

crime and punishment in Rome

crimes: burglary, fraud in trade, arson, murder and a slave escaping was also regarded as a crime

punishment included: crucifiction, execution, fine, gladiator, and exile

soldiers and vigils

crimes were taken from the twelve tables

worse = jury better = magistrate

life in Rome

governor: these men ruled the provinces of the empire

houses

salt mines

farms

slops

slave

quarrys

baths: washing facilities

gym

restaurants

massage rooms

libraries

hot room

warm room

cold room

theatre

entertainment in Rome

circus maximus/lippodrome

gladiators

colosseum

plebian

insulae

tunic

patrician

stola

toga

domus

atrium: an open room with a pond and used to impress guests

peristyle: an enclosed garden

villa