exam question
1. What should the researcher have done to comply with good ethics practice on obtaining informed and freely-given consent for this research? (5 marks)
a) Informed consent
2. What other ethics issues arise in this study? (5 marks)
Why ethical practices?
There are risks for the subjects involved in the study
Child
Developemental risks
specifically: Emotional damage
Reseracher
Is liable for any claims parants or carers might make
Instituions
may be liable for conduct of researchers
Funding bodies
may be liable for conduct of researchers
The profession itself
Reputation and credibility might suffer
What is missing tocritically evaluate the study
Knowing if the student had experience in obervations
Description of the test set-up
The videos
make sure that they are identical but for the dv
Being able to independently recode the resulting behaviour
Reading the qustionnaire to make sure the question wasn't bisasd
checking the results
Coding scheme usesd
Action of studen researcher
Video Tapes of children on playground
child actors
no indication of informed consent about the purpose of the study !
they may have been professionals but still need consent and information about the purpose
Free consent
class subjects
children were seemingly not informed about the purpose
not informed about being the subjects of a psychological study
informed consent
no - only aggreement from teacher
... but parents were not asked either
Experiment of student
Cond 1: Non Aggressive Movie watching:Group 1 (10f / 5m)
Questionnaire:Is fighting a good way to resolve an agrugment? (4yes)
Cond. 1:Children play cards with cheating
Coding of agressive behaviour2 Agr. / 5 Conc. / 23 Neutr.
Cond. 2: Aggressing Movie watchingGroup 2 (7f /8 m)
Questionnaire:Is fighting a good way to resolve an agrugment? (10 yes)
Cond.2:Children play cards with cheating
Coding of agressive behaviour6 Agr. / 14 Conc. / 10 Neut.
Prupose of the study(social cognition like Bandura -but Bandura was onlyintersted in behavioural change, not cogntive change)
Behavioural and Conceptual (cognitive) influence of wathing violence violence
Experiment of Bandura
Bobo Doll Studies
Learning can occur byobservation and imitation
Observing the reward orpunishment of others
Observation can be learned but must not necessarily be shown - only when proper motivation present
Does learning only occur by classical or instrumental conditioning? No!