Infancy and childhood

Continuity versus natue, stability versus chage, nature versus nurture.most of our behavior is a result of genetics others believe behavior is in learning and experience.behavior is completly complicated.

relflexes such asgrasping reflexesrooting reflexes.they can see hear and reapond to their environment.-they can adapt the have insticts to breathe, suck and swallow milk with out getting confussed

The infant progresses over the first two years of life from just grasping and rooting to talking and walking and feeding his or her self.maturation-internal programed groth. (the infant lifts its head, and rools over, and craws all on its own.)

Newborns look at their surrondinga and their own bodies as a natural curiosity. they have mature perception skills. gibson and walk-1960,experimant with infants having depth perception.

Language and thought are closly intertwined.both abilitys involve using symbols.e are able to think and talk about ideas that arent nessisarly true.

The more a child grows, the more he or she can understand and compriehend things.and 4 year old cudnt comprihend what a 7 year old can. thier brain is physical not developed to do so.

While an infant is developing the use of its body, to think and express himself, hes also developing emotions.He feels attacted to certain people, and care about what they think and feel.Konard Lorenz- pioneer on the learning of animals, with baby gooses. The first 13-16 hoursof birth are critical. the goose followed him around, makeing him the specific person they grew attached to.

Authoritarian parent- the parents are the boss, what they say is the only thing the child is to listen to.Demagratic- child is apart of decistion making.Permissive- child has full say in everything its does.

includes, physical, mental and sexual injury, and treatment to a child under the age of 18 by adults intrust with thier care. This also includes neglect.overburded and stressed parents are most likely to be abusive to thier child, sometimes not even realizing it.the longterm effects ona victum of chilabuse is guilt, and distrust to people close to them, depression, and loss of self of steam.

A child must lean acceptable and un acceptable behavior to fuction socialy.Oral Stage- pleasure to mouth. 1st 18months.Anal stage- pleasure in the fuction of elimination. 1andahalf-3.Phallic stage- pleasure on the gentitals. 3-6Latency stage-sexual thought reappear in the mind. 6-puberty.Genital stage- sexual desires and actions accure. puberty- adulthood.Erik erickson- belives that the need for social approval is just as important as sexual and aggressive urges.childrens play involve roletaking- the play roles such as mother father or teacher or shopkeeper explorer or rockstar.