What was the impact of agriculture on hunter-gatherers?

Shift to a Sedantary Lifestyle from a Nomadic Lifestyle

No longer had to chase game

Resulted in predictable food supply due to following harvests

Settled in one place

People built houses, villages, and cities as time went on

Allowed for higher population density

As time went on, families grew on the land they settled on and the population grew

Population Growth

Stable Food Supply

Increased birth rates

Improved Living Conditions

Resulting in a longer life spans for them

Settled Communities & Urbanization

More complex societies, for example, social hierarchies

Food Production

Increased Crop Yields

Creation of tools and techniques

Surplus and Storage

Stored food for the winter so they wouldn't go hungry

Different expertise were found out

People could specialize in different crafts and trade with others

Animal Domestication

Reliable Food Source

Gave them food security, not having to worry about when the next meal is

Labor and Transportation

Used horses as transportation

Protection and Defense

Domesticated some animals for security purposes

Survival & Conflict Advantages

Survival

Winter stockpile of food

Conflict

Helped develop warriors and defensive structures to help protect their land

Development of Civilization

Led to the rise of city-states

Allowed for social classes

Enabled technology & specialization

Made tecchnological advancements possible (pottery, writing systems, etc.)

Essential for modern civilization

Led to governments and laws

Theories for Why Agriculture Emerged

Climate Change

Warmer climate helped farming

Brain Development

Early humans may not have been able of farming

Population Pressure

Increased human numbers made farming easier and necessary

Global Spread of Agriculture

Middle East

First farming societies

Andes

Domestication of potatoes

China

Domestic of rice