Kategorier: Alle - reform - growth - communism - economy

af Ed Smith 18 år siden

1465

communism

The historical trajectory of communism, particularly following World War II, saw a gradual decline in power and influence, highlighted by significant events such as the election of Gorbachev in 1985 and the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

communism

Communism

Terms

People

Friedrich Engels
Karl Marx

Conclustion: The end of an Era

Feedback

Transitions

What's left of Marxism?
troubled transitions: former Soviet Union
relative success: eastern and central Europe

Crisis of Communism: Suicide by Public Policy

remanants of communist world
1989: Year that changed world
reform: too little too late

Marxist-Leninist State

Graying of communism
The Party State

Socialism, Marxism, Leninism

De-Stalinization
Brezhnev came to power when change was necessary
no longer monolithic communist movement
1964 Khrushchev forced out and Brezhnev took leadership
Warsaw Pact
they continued to crack down when things got out of hand.
works published critizing Stalin
Nikita Khrushchev's speech outlined Stalin atrocities
replacements relaxed
Stalin died 1953
Expansion
Third International or Comintern

Soviet setup communist regimies in China, North Korea, Indochina, and Cuba

make marxism work her --Stalin

stalin "socialism in one country"

didn't work out and became weak comapred to surrounding countries

spread revelotion of WWI

Stalinism
Napoleon power for power's sake
"Animal Farm"
Party state became as close to totalitarian as imaginable
Most blaim Joseph Stalin 1920-1953
authoritarian / totalitarian became the Bolsheviks defining quality
3 doctrinesmisunderstood by est
Marxism

"From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs." --Marx

Then revolution, dictatorship, communism

Proletariat would grow until it included vast population

Prediction: bourgeoisie or capital class would grow smaller dueto competition driving out the weaker

Problem: Sales price must include profit and wages. Low wages means greater profit.

Profit motive of capitalism

Capitalism was a step forward becuase it replaces feudalism

The executive of the modern state is but a committee for managingthe common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie."

"eligion is the opiate of the masses"

private ownership leads to exploitation of some andeventually the lower class will rise up.

change occurs because of class conflict

unlike Hegel Marx believed that economy was major driver for change

major shifts rather than gradualism

agreed with Hegel in that societies pass through wrenchingtransitions called dialectic.

capitalism is just one stage

societies pass through stages

progress through revolution

Marxism-Leninism

Marx believed the power was in too few hands

Bolshevik in exile but in 15 years seized power because of centralism

high diciplined / iron hand

Lenin didnt want to wait for history to take course

Marxist idedified with those in poverty to gain power

Marx wrong that revolution first occured in non capitalistic countries

Socialism

many interpretations

egalitarian society improves human relations in general

populus control over all decisions that shape people's livesmost notably work

equal oppertunity and outcome

disease

hunger

free from...

private ownership and capitalismas means of production are flawed

social, political, economic equality

traces back to English civil war

thinking about

key questions
many obsticles to democrataztion
various speeds
transition inevitable
Command economies
by 1980's trouble

realized once western media influced the masses

better then grandparents but everything was just mediocre

deep economic trouble

early on experienced rapid growth

starvation ended in China

no homelessness

improved standard of living

1950's leader in steel

managed by party planning comittees

detailed plans of production

gov owns all industry
Leninist State
communist party completely controlled political life

called democratic centralism

control by tiny group

name only

most social and leasure activities

education

economy

media

form of leadership

until 1950 Soviet Union controlled entire communist world

33 countries
Satellites of Soviet Union
1st came to power in 1917
each were 1/16 Marxist-Leninist regime

not included though left

Nicaragua

Mozambique

Angola

North Yemen

Soviet Union

South Vietnam

North Vietnam

Cambodia

Laos

East Germany

Hungary

Bulgaria

Romania

Czechoslovakia

Poland

Mongolia

Current & Former regimes

nominally communist
transition is inevitable
Cuba
North Korea
China
transition from command economy to private ownership
sustained growth
perestroika
Gorbachev
came and left quickly
CPSU Communist Party of Soviet Union
turned tide when elected 1985
Regan's focus of evil
gradual loss of power after WWII

Good Bye, Lenin

not good progress in
central Asia

authoritarian govs

poverty

wars

soviet republics

Yugoslavia

good progress
few protests
8 joined EU
reformed parties are winning elections
turning economic corner

improving standard of living

rapid growth rates

1989 wall coming down
the losers are
few skills
low education
fixed incomes
older people
some miss the security provided
free health care
employment
low rent
no one wants to go back