Dyslexia

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Dyslexia

Developemental Dyslexia

=not so well researched

Brain not developed normally

Aquired Dyslexia (damage, i.e. Stroke)

Since the lexical route has a number of different components, there are a number of different ways in which it can be damaged so as to produce surface dyslexia, and so any two patients with surface dyslexia may have quite different patterns of damage in the lexical route. Two examples of such damage are (a) damage to entries in the Orthographic Input Lexicon and (b) damage to entries in the Phonological Output Lexicon. If the word pretty has been lost from the Orthographic Input Lexicon, it won't be recognized lexically, so will be read nonlexically and so will be regularized. If it has been lost from the Phonological Output Lexicon, it will be recognized when it is seen, but its pronunciation won't be retrieved from the Phonological Output Lexicon, so will have to be generated nonlexically - so again a regularization error will occur.

Damage

Result: Automatic: Grapheme -to- Phoneme used

Cothearts Dual Route Model

PRINT

Orthographica AnalysisDECides RECOGN. as

Irregualar: Assigned: "irregular "Lexical route

Semanitcs

Orhtografic Input Lexicon: Recognition

Orthografic Output lexicon: Pronounciation

SPEECH

Regular: Assembled: Regular Route

Grapheme (Input) to phoneme (Output) rule system

Regular Words can run both ways

Speed advantage only for low-frequency words

Shows: Surface Dyslecs: damaged lexical

Written Language Problems

3 Types

Deep

Only access to meaning

symphony as orchestra

Lion as tiger

Phonological

Unfamilar

CANNOT READ

Familar Words

CAN READ

Surface

25% Irregualar Verbs

wrong read bowl: howl

Nonsense words

85% Regular Verbs

no Problem

=Well researched