Linguistics

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Thinking and Language

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE LINGUISTICS

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Thinking and Language

von Dominik Lukes

INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS

von Yony A Pachongo

Linguistics is the scientific study of a Language and all its branches, also teaches the correct uses of each branch and how to use them.

Language is the method of human communication using spoken, written or signs language use to express meanings and feelings.

Luingusitics

Branches

Sociolinguistics

Is the study of society and language, depending of the social factors such as speaker age, ethnic identity, location, etc

Historical Linguistics

Is the study of how languages have changed over time.

Pragmatics

The study of how language is affected by the situation in which it is used, and the relationship between the speaker and listener. Ex "Do you want some coffee?" Does the reply "Coffee will keep me awake" mean yes or no?

Semantics

It looks at the meanings of words and language. It also refers to the multiple meanings of words as well. Ex A toy block could be called a block, a cube, a toy.

Discourse Analysis

It analyze the context in orde to understand how affects to the general meaning Ex "What the hell" informal not formal.

Syntax

Is the study of how phrases, clauses and sentences are constructed and combined in particular languages. Ex Incorrect - Before we go to the movies. Correct - I need to rest before we go to the movies.

Morphology

Is the study of words, how they are formed, beggining with the smallest part of the language called morphemes. Ex suffixes, prefixes

Phonology

Study the paterns of sounds and how are they organized. Ex [r] sound, [l] sound

Phonetics

Is the study of the sounds of speech. It includes understanding how sounds are made. Ex Glottal consonant, nasal consonant.