The excretory system

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Push here to see the nephron structure

Push here to see a kidney

twisted tubes

prduction occurs in two phases

B)Tubular reabsorption

a lot of filtered substances go back into the blood in the surrounding capillaries (reabsorption zone) such as nutrients, water and minerals to keep their levels coonstant

- other substances in the proximal tubule

- water is reabsorbed in the loop of Henle

A) Glomerular filtration

blood that circulates in theglomerulur is filtred. Water and most solutes (with the exception of proteins)enter the Bowman´s capsule

The excretory system

Phisiology of urine system: Production of urine

Formed in the renal cortex and renal medulla/ drains into the pelvis

Urine = water + minerals + waste products (urea or uric acid)🡆they come from anmonia from the breaking down of proteins duct aminoacids

Nephron*

a few nephrons drain the urine in the same collecting duct which drains into the renal pelvis

Loop of Henle

Function: tubular absorption of water

v-shaped tube between proximal and distal

Function: tubular absorption of substances different from water

distal

proximal

function: glomerular, filtration

it surrounds a curly-ip capillary

a round sac

Functions

Regulates ph in blood

Regulates concentration and minerals in blood

Regulates water in tissues

Eliminates waste products

Constists of

Liver

Respiratory system

Sweat glands

Urinary system

made of

Urethra

Fuction

Micturition*: reflex that makes bladder contract and push the urine out

through it urine circulates when micturition* occurs

a conduit that connect bladder with the exterior. At its end there is an sphincter

Bladder

stores urine until reflex occurs(when it contains a large quality of urine

elastic sac

Ureters

collect the urine formed by the kidneys and conduit it to the bladder

two narrow tubes that come out from kidneys/start in the renal pelvis and end in bladder

Kidneys

Function

filter the blood from waste products

Functional unit

nephron*

Parts

Renal pelvis(hollow chamber)

Renal medulla(internal part)

Collecting ducts

Loop of Henle

Renal cortex(external part)

Convoluted tubules

Bowman´s capsule

Number

two

Shape

they are bean-shaped

Location

on both sides at the back of abdomen