Chapter 1: Introduction
To
Object-Oriented Programming
Procedural
Programming
Defiinition:Procedural programming is a programming paradigm, derived from structured programming, based on the concept of the procedure call.
C
Pascal
BASIC
COBOL
ALGOL
Fortran
Unified Modelling Language
(UML)
Provides you with a way to create and document a model of a system.
Is a graphical language designed to capture the artifacts of an OOAD process.
Features
Polymorphism - Refers to the ability of an object to take on many form. Eg: buttons on remote control
Inheritance - Refers to the concept by which one class derives the properties of another class
Encapsulation - Refers to the mechanism of wrapping up of data and methods (that operate on the data) into a single unit (class)
Data Abstraction - Refers to the concept of representing only the essential features of a data without including the non-essential details
Programming Techniques
Types
Object-Oriented
Approach & Design
(OOAD)
A combination of both OOA and OOD.
Disadvantages
Does not lead to successful reuse on a large scale
without an explicit reuse procedure
Most of our project development teams are familiar with traditional analysis & design
Hard to determine all the necessary classes and objects required for a system
Advantages
Improves the quality of the system due to program reuse
Reduced development time & cost
Provides re-usability
Easy to maintain
Easy to understand
Object-Oriented Design
(OOD)
Tasks Inclue:
Implementation of associations
Implementation of control
Implementation of methods
Restructuring the class data
A process of defining the components, interfaces, objects, classes, attributes, and operations that will satisfy the requirements.
Object-Oriented Approach
(OOA)
Tasks Include:
Describing how the objects interact
Defining the behaviour/ function of the objects
Defining the object attributes
Organizing the objects
Identifying objects
A process of defining the problem in terms of real-world objects with which the system must interact.
Examples
Swift
Perl
PHP
Ruby
C#
C++
Python
Javascript
Java
Concept & Terminologies
Classes & Objects
Object - An instance of a class
Class - A template or blueprint to create an object
Object, Attribute, Behaviour
Behavior – operation or function that an object can perform
Attributes - data value or a state that describes an object and helps you to tell one object from another of the same class
Objects - an instance or specific example of a class
