Yuan dynasty (invasion of Japan)

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Sources

Bibliography

"Mongol Invasions of Japan." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 18 Apr. 2014. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.

"Mongol Invasions of Japan by Kublai Khan." About.com Asian History. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.

The Yuan Dynasty's Motives

The main reason the Mongolians attacked was because of Kublai Khan. He had conquered the Song dynasty and declared himself ruler. He was overconfident, greedy, and impatient, which led to him feeling the need to attack Japan.

Motives

When Kublai Khan later sent messengers, the japanese shogun would not even allow them to land on the main island.

The emperor of Japan was offended by this. Kublai Khan was trying to communicate in a professional manner but really messed up.

Kublai Khan sent a letter to the emperor of Japan, adressing him as the leader of a small country.

The Yuan Dynasty provoked Japan when demanding a tribute to be sent to them.

Map of the Yuan Dynasty

Yuan Dynasty's Advantages and Disadvantages

Disadvantages

The Mongolians' ships were not maneuverable at sea, especially during the typhoon that wiped the majority of their ships in the two failed invasions.

Drawing of what a Mongolian ship would have looked like

Advantages

Another advantage the Yuan Dynasty had was that Japan did not have a general with adequate skills to move a large amount of troops.

In conjunction with that, the Japanese used fighting techniques that were customary to them, but was used for one-on-one combat.

Superior weapon techniques, and superior in numbers.

The Mongolians also had gunpowder warefare fired from catapults.

Yuan dynasty's relations with Japan (invasion of Japan)

Second Invasion Towards Japan (1281)

The Yuan Dynasty coordinated over 100,000 soldiers to attack Japan.

Since the Japanese had fortified their coastal line, it became much easier to defend the opposing enemies.

Soon, a massive typhoon (Kamikaze) hit and destroyed much of the Mongolian fleet.

Second Invasion Preparartions

When sent 5 emissaries, Kyushu beheaded them in reply to the Yuan Dynasty.

Getting prepared, the Japanese had built defenses, such as forts, and large stone walls that were up to 2 meters tall.

Now that the first invasion had passed, Japan was expecting another invasion to have come.

Drawing of the battle between the Mongols and the Japanese on the sea

First Invasion Towards Japan (1274)

Before, the Yuan Dynasty had Goryeo (Korea) due to their surrender.

Time of Invasion

The Mongolians headed out to sea on a bad storm that eventually caused them to retreat, while most ships were lost or destroyed during the storm.

The Japanese ships were smaller and much more maneuverable than that of the Mongolians.

First Invasion Preparations

The Yuan Dynasty had superior weapons compared to the Japanese, and were outnumbered.

The Yuan fleet contained of 15,000 Chinese and Mongol soldiers along with 8,000 Korean soldiers.

In 1271, Kublai Khan founded the Yuan Dyanasty