THE IMPORTANCE OF STRATIGRAPHY IN THE JOB PERFORMANCE OF A GEOLOGICAL ENGINEER.

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Organigram

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Chapter 16 C-Map

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Palaeolithic

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Hominin Fossil Timeline Template

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THE IMPORTANCE OF STRATIGRAPHY IN THE JOB PERFORMANCE OF A GEOLOGICAL ENGINEER.

Exploration of Minerals and Hydrocarbons

USE AND APPLICATION OF STRATIGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE

It will allow locating and evaluating potential mineral deposits and hydrocarbon reserves.

Scientific-Geological Contribution

DATA COLLECTION AND STRATIGRAPHIC EVALUATION

High-impact scientific publication of stratified bodies

Provides information such as:

Formal recognition of rock unit

Recognizing the environmental complexes in which rock materials were formed.

Assessment of Layer Ages

Lithological description and identification (LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY)

.Geological Risk Assessment

STUDY OF STRATIGRAPHY IN A SPECIFIC ZONE

Understanding the formation environment, geological events, and occurrences.

Enables the professional to identify and assess geological risks with the aim of conducting infrastructure planning and ensuring public safety.

Evolution of Stratigraphy as a concept

Fundamental science of all geological studies, allowing to reconstruct the sequence of events in the history of the Earth and the evolution of life on Earth.

20TH CENTURY: THE ERA OF APPLIED STRATIGRAPHY

Sequence stratigraphy

Considered a fundamental tool in the study and interpretation of the sedimentary filling of a basin

Quantitative stratigraphy

Facies stratigraphy

Combined lithological and paleontological features of a stratigraphic section by geologist and paleontologist Amanz Gressly

Magnetostratigraphy

Change of polarity in the rock

Geochronology

Determination of the temporal sequence of geological events in the history of the Earth

Absolute dating of the rocks

Tectonic plates

Wegener's theory of continental drift

Harry Hammond Hess proposed the theory of seafloor spreading or plate tectonics.

The first theory emerges that the South American and African continents were once linked by humboldt

THE DILEMMA OF CATASTROPHISM VS. UNIFORMITARIANISM AND GRADUALISM

Modern Geology by James Hutton

"Earth Theory"

The earth must be millions of years old

The organic nature of fossils was decisively established as remains of ancient beings and the inorganic theory was abandoned

William Smith

He was the first to recognize the importance of fossils for the historical investigation of the Earth's strata and introduced the principle of faunal succession.

THE PRINCIPLES

Nicholaus Steno

He pointed out the true origin of the geological strata and fossils.

Alberto magnus and Leonardo Da Vinci

They were the first to correctly speculate on the nature of fossils.

Remains of ancient organisms that once lived.

The appearance of fossils was attributed to a "Plastic Force"

"Re metallica" of Georgius Agricola

Rocks are deposited in distinct layers or strata, and that these layers occurred in a constant order and could be traced over a wide area.

NATURALISM

The word fossil is attributed to:

Geological strata

Rocks

Crystals

Minerals

Remains of living organisms

The stratigraphy was attributed to natural and not supernatural phenomena

Study of rock successions and the correlation of geological events and processes in time and space