CHAPTER 9

Farm Women- On farms in the South and the Midwest, women's roles ad not changed substantially since the previous century. They had to cooking, make clothes laundering, farm women handled a host of other chores such as raising livestockWomen in Industry-better paying opportunities became available in towns, and especially cities, women had new options for finding jobs, even though men's labor unions excluded them from membership. They worked at factories and mills.Women were also domestic workers.

Susan Brownell Anthony (February 15, 1820 – March 13, 1906) was a prominent American civil rights leader who played a pivotal role in the 19th century women's rights movement to introduce women's suffrage into the United States. She was co-founder of the first Women's Temperance Movement with Elizabeth Cady Stanton as President She also co-founded the women's rights journal, The Revolution. She traveled the United States and Europe, and averaged 75 to 100 speeches per year. She was one of the important advocates in leading the way for women's rights to be acknowledged and instituted in the American government

Florence Kelley (September 12, 1859 – February 17, 1932) was an American social and political reformer. Her work against sweatshops and for the minimum wage, eight-hour workdays, and children's rights is widely regarded today. From its founding in 1899, Kelley served as the first general secretary of the National Consumers League. In 1909 Kelley helped create the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Progessive movement was an early 20th-century, reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to resotre economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life. Together, reform efforts formed the progressive movement, which aimed to restore economic opportunities and correct injustices in American life. Even though reformers never completely agreed on the problems or the solutions, each of their progressive efforts shared at least one of the following goals:1.protecting social welfare2.promoting moral improvement3.creating economic reform4.fostering efficiency

The term is defined as the banning of alcoholic beverages, was one such program. Prohibitionist groups feared that alcohol was undermining Americal moral. In 1874 the WCTU spreaded the crusade for prohibition.

Natural disasters sometimes played an important role in prompting reform of ciy governments. In 1900, a hurricane and tidal wave almost demolished Galveston, Texas. The politicians on the city council botched the huge relief and rebuilding job so badly that the Texas legislature appointed a five-member commission idea as a form of government, and by 1917, 500 cities had followed Galveston's example.Another natural disaster-a flood in Dayton, Ohio, in 1913- led to the wide spread aadoption of the council-manager form of government.

Protecting Social WelfareMany social welfare reformers worked to soften some of the ahrsh conditions of industrializations.The Social Gospel and settlement houses movements of the late 1800s, which aimed to help the poor through community centers, churches, and social services, continued during the Progressive Era and inspired even more reform activities.Promoting Moral ImprovementThe reformers wanted immigrants and poor city dwellers to uplift themselves by improving their personal behavior. Prohibition is the banning of alcoholic beverages. Prohibitionist groups feared that alcohol was undermining American morals. Founded in Cleveland in 1874, the Woman/s Christian Temperance Union WCTU spearhead the crusade for prohibition.Creating economic reform