Epistemological bases
Action Research
Knowledge production
Reality modification
Dynamic process
Action Research Considerations
Knowledge and reality relationship analysis
Multiple epistemological perspectives
Epistemological Perspectives
Empiricism
Direct observation
One reality, one true knowledge
Different realities not scientific
Logical Positivism
Hypothesis testing
Controlled variables
Reproductive action research
Structuralism
Separation of knowledge and theory
Independent existence of real objects
Pragmatism
Union of knowledge and reality
Experimental practice
Value and fact connection
Dialectical Materialism
Contextual knowledge production
Changing reality
Concrete social context