Nile Delta
Problems:Social/ Environmental 👎
Solutions: Social and Environmental 👍
Population
Increasing
Density
High
Alexandia
Cairo
Low
North Sinai
World Share
Highest 👨👨👧👦
Lowest 👪
🤦♀️
Water Quality
Treatment Plants
57% Operational
13% Constructed & Nonoperational
30% Proposed
Municipal Wastewater
Existence of Heavy Metals
Bad water quality leads to health problems
Water Access
Water Sources
1.3 Reuse of Sewage Water
0.97 Rain &floods ☔️
0.6 Desalination of Sea water 🌊
5.2 Reuse of Agricultural Water 🌾💦
7.5 groundwater in Delta & Valley
55.3 Share of Nile 💡
Water Scarcity
Land Loss
North Delta
Very High Risk
Land degradation due to soil salinity & increase in water table 🌊
Middle Delta
Medium Risk
High water table & inflexible crop patterns 🌽🍎🥕
South Delta
Very High risk
Land degradation due to urbanization 🏘
Climate Change ❄️
Reduces Tourism 👩🌾
Affects Agriculture 🌾🌽
Air and Water Pollution
Affects land and People 👨👨👧👦
Reuse of Wastewater
Agricultural Drainage Canals
Recycled for irrigation
To plant Forests in the Desert 🌿
Prevents Water Pollution
Classifying Drains
Reuse Drains
Discharge Drains
Potential Water Source
Sustainable
Treat Wastewater for further usage 💡
Desalination Plants
Provide water for remote areas
Increasing fresh water supply 💦
Using evaporation & membrane & thermal techniques 🌤
Depend on (fossil) energy
Not Expensive 🤑💰
Used for modern irrigation & agriculture 🌾🌽
Desalinate agricultural drainage
Increasing Water Delivery
Rehabilitation of water structures along canals to minimize water loss
Remodeling the canal cross-section (To store water)
Water Distribution
helps agriculture
Replacement of old structures with new ones ✅♻️
Installation of turn-outs & off takes
Urban Water Sustainability
Life Cycle Assessment Method
Urban Water System of Alexandria City
Reducing water demand by using efficient:
Showers 🚿
Toilets 🚽
Taps 🚰
Water conservation
Increase Efficient Stormwater Use
Aswan Dam
Establishment of meteorological stations for measuring rainfall intensity ☄️
Detention Basin
Holding runoff for a short time before releasing it
Enhances water quality
Helps remove pollutants from water
Stormwater is rarely used in Egypt
Infiltrates into ground
Gets mixed with sewage water network