Ovarian CA

silent killer
10% associated with endometrial CA

hx

family

breast
ovary
colorectal

syndromes associated

breast ovarian cancer syndrome-BRCA
lynch syndrome - hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer
endometrial cancer
ovarian cancer

first degree one relative 20%
first degree two relatives 50%

gyn

look at risk factors given below
specially + things

social

fertility wish
education

symptoms

epigastric symptoms
like gastritis
pelvic symptoms like pain
preasure symptoms
persistent pelvic and abdominal pain
increased abdominal size/ persistent bloating
difficulty eating and feeling full quickly
change in bowel habbits
urinary symptoms
back ache
irregular bleeding
invation like lymphedema lowerlimb
invade bilateral ureters obstructed uropathy

if hormone secreating

androgen

androgenic features

distal mets

liver etc

.... syndrome

pleural effusion

examination

enlarged nodes- neck and groin
pleural fluid
nutrion deficiency
lympoedema
ckd features
sings of hyperandrogenism

abdomen

like others
size
mobility etc

VE

cervix not moving when moving mass
adenexial masses
complete this

investigation

FBC
Urea and electrolytes
liver function tests
chest xray

uss
tvs with high frequency cos resolutuon good
tas for lymphnodes

solid and cyst
compartments
thick walled
thick septae
bylateral

assess endometrium too

tumor markers

Ca125 -serus
alphapheto protein- germcell tumor
LDH disgerminoma
beta HCG - chorio CA of overy
androgens androblastima
complete this

if less than 40 years
do first 4
if more than 40 don't

ca 125
non specific
from peritonium

CT
MRI

staging purpous
but staging done at surgery

colonoscopy / barium enema

if bowel symptoms
colonic cancer suspicions

laparoscopy and biopsy

if unknown diagnosis
for neoadjuvent chemo

management

multydisciplinary team

gynaecological oncologist
radiologist
pathologist

preserve ovams in
stage 1c below

surgery

staging laparotomy

midline laparatomy
free fluid for cytology
if not take peritoneal wash
look for mets-
pelvic pre aortic para aortic lymphnodes
complete this

TAH
BSO
infracolic omentectomy
lymphnode sampling
maximum cytoredution (almost all vissible)
bowel
spleen liver etc

stages
FIGO classification
read ten teachers gyn

stage 1

stage 2

stage 3

stage 4

postop

chemotherapy
need in staging

best is intaperitoneal chemo

Platinum compound
most effective agents

carboplatin
dose calculated according to
GFR using AUC

paclitaxol

pre emptive steroids are given to reduce hypersensitive reactions
peripheral neuropathy
neutropenia
loss of total body hair

neoadjuvent chemo and interval debulking
this improves postop morbidity
but doesn't improve survival

further debulking can be done
if bulky disease persisted

chemo resistance and recurrence

with in 6months

platynum resistense

6_12

intermitten

>12

can treat with same drugs

types

epithelial commonest 80%
stromal-sex cord 10%
germ cell 10%
krukenberg-mets from breast, stomach, colon

poor prognosis

40% 5 years survival
present late
no screening like cervical CA
because no premalignant state etc

prognostic factors

stage
grade
extent of surgery
histo type
chemo sensitivity
age
fitness

prevention

screening

women age 35 or above

symptoms
sings
tumor markers ca125
uss
every 6 moths
after complete family prophylactic bso

risk factors

+

nuliparity
IU device
endometriosis
cigarette smoking-mucinous only
obesity

-

multiparity
cocp
tubal ligation
hysterectomy