Catégories : Tous - environment - government - housing - health

par Arman Grewal Il y a 3 années

584

GLD2OR

Political parties in Canada have distinct platforms, particularly around social services, healthcare, the environment, and taxation. The Conservative Party focuses on reducing taxes and government spending, promoting a mix of public and private healthcare, and incentivizing affordable housing and senior services.

GLD2OR

WWF(Non-Governmental Organization)

Terry Fox (Civic Role Model)

Canadian Democracy

Charter of Rights and Freedoms

GLD2OR

Levels of Government

Municipal(or local)

Road maintenance

Parks and Recreation

Snow Clearance

Public Transit

Land Zoning

Building Permits

Garbage collection and recycling

Firefighters

Libraries and Community Centres

Ran by the Mayor
Provincial

Natural Resources

Workplace safety and rights

Social Services and Highways

Labour Legislation

Sports and Recreation

Adoption

Driver's Licenses

Ran by the Premier
Subtopic
Federal(or National)
Responsibilities

Fisheries and indigenous issues

Agriculture

Canada Post

Communications

Criminal Law

Immigration and Citizenship

Foreign Affairs

Banking and Currency

National Defence

Ran by the Prime Minister

Democracy

A political system in which the people of a country rule through any form of government they choose to establish
Common Good

Work towards what will make the most people safe, secure, and happy

Should have a sense of responsibility and caring for others

Political Equality

Every citizen has the same right

Speak on public issues

Run for office

To vote

Rule of Law

EVERYONE must adhere to the same laws

Laws should be known, predictable, and impartial.

The democratic citizen

Political Freedoms

Vote without being intimidated

run for office

Form associations

Speak freely

Personal Freedoms

Has a sense of responsibility for other people

Works for the common good

Respects the rights

Respect the rights of others

Human dignity

Protect and uphold the dignity of all people

Mass participation

Participate individually and collectively in issues that shape their community, nation, and world.

Open communication

Communicate openly in issues that shape their community, nation, and world.

2 types of democracy

Direct Democracy

Every citizen directly participates

Representative Democracy

Citizens vote for people to represent them in the government

Obstacles/objections to democracy

A Low Literacy Rate

People that cannot read cannot participate

Free press allows public issues to be examined and discussed

Will have problems

A Large Gap Between Rich and Poor

common in many developing countries

Democracy needs a large middle class in order to work

Ethnic Differences and Conflicts

People believe that authoritarian governments are better than democratic ones

Obeying one leader there will be no disunity

Differences among ethnic groups can create disunity

Democratic citizens take responsibilities of living democratically
People make decisions that reflect the will of the majority
Meets diverse needs of people

Branches of Government

Executive
The Cabinet

MP's selected by the PM

Prime Minister

The leader of the majority party

Power held by Queen and Governor General
Carry's out laws
Judicial
Courts

Provincial and Federal Courts

Supreme Court

Highest court in Canada

the power to find a person innocent or guilty
Legislative
Power to make laws
Held in Canada by Parliament
Senate

Members appointed by Prime Minister

House of Commons

Members elected by voters

Charter of rights and freedoms

Social Determinants of Health
Includes various categories

Physical Environment

Social Environment

Employment

Early Child Development

Income

Education

Reflects the conditions that we live in

where we play

where we work

where we sleep

6 charter rights
Democratic Rights

Every citizen of Canada has the right to vote in an election

Mobility Rights

leave Canada

remain in

right to enter

Legal Rights

Any person charged with an offence has the right

tried within a reasonable time

to be informed without unreasonable delay of the specific offence

Language Education Rights

The right to have one's children educated in the language of their parents

Official Language Rights

The right to receive government services in either English or French

Equality Rights

Cannot be discriminated based on

Mental or physical disability

Skin

National or ethnic origin

Age

Religon

Race

Right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination

5 charter freedoms
Freedom of association
Freedom of peaceful assembly
Freedom of the press and other media of communication
Freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression
Freedom of conscience and religion
Protesting
It is important to know the rules of law beforehand
freedom peaceful assembly
freedom of association
Guarantees the freedom of expression
Common forms of arrests from protesting

Conspiracy of committing a crime

Rioting

Unlawful assembly

Mischief

Common nuisance

Causing a disturbance

Constitution act
Created in 1982
Made Canada its own country

Leadership Styles

Laissez-Faire

Somalia

Time is urgent

Low sense of team

Participants are not educated and skilled

Sense of team already exists

Routine is familiar

Plenty of time

Participants are educated and skilled

Participants are self motivated

No person appears in charge

Leader is only a source of info

Leader gives little/no direction

Democratic

U.S.A

Canada

High degree of conflict is present

Leader lacks communication

Group lacks knowledge, skills and experience

Group lacks motivation

There is ample time

To increase morale

Instructing or teaching

Goal is personal growth and satisfaction

Entire group shares in decisions

Leader asks for some input

All group members are involved

Interpersonal approach

Autocratic

Germany-!930s-1940s

Sports-Coach

Workplace-Boss

When Ineffective

New ideas are needed

members have some skills

No loyalty or trust

When Effective

Large number of people

No established vison

Emergency

Time is limited

Characteristics

Limited discussion

Rules never change

Relies on Discipline

Messages are passed down

Tell others what to do

Political Spectrum/Compass

A political spectrum is a system to characterize and classify different political positions in relation to one another.
The political right

Equality of opportunities

Business & free enterprise; decentralization of economy

Individual burden

Cut government spending & reduce involvement

Harsher penalties, including capital punishment

Balance the budget, even if it means cutbacks

Lower taxes so free enterprise can flourish

User pay system

Tradition & moral order

Important to defend

Governments support church & religion

Political Ideology

a set about the role of government and how society should work

The centre

few people agree with both points on both sides

Many people fall in a category slightly left or slightly right

Fiscal Scale

Fiscally conservative

Less government intervention

Low government spending

Low taxes

Fiscally liberal

Free Market

More government involvement

More government spending

Higher taxes

Social Scale

Socially conservative

keeping status quo on family life

keeping status quo on moral issues

Traditional values including family life

Socially liberal

Moving forward on civil liberties

Progressive values

The political left

Political Philosophy

Equality of outcomes

Economics

nationalization of economy

Crown corporations

Government aid & involvement

Social Assistance

health care support

Government assistance provided

Spending

Government will spend to stimulate economy

Crime & Punishment

Rehabilitation in the criminal

The Budget

Use government money to support programs, even if it means borrowing money to do it

Higher taxes to support social services

National health care system

Society

Progressivism & accepting counter-culture

Culture

Culture is a battleground

Religion

Separation of church & government

Votership in Canada

Rejected/Spoiled ballots
A rejected ballot cannot be taken because it was not properly marked
How does voting work?
5) Put your ballot in the box
4) Go behind the screen, mark and hand back your ballot
3) Election worker will hand you a ballot
2) Show proof of identity and address
1) Election worker greets you to a table
Have to be registered
You can register at your local polling station
You can register on their website
You can call Elections Canada
Have to be eligible to Vote
Proof of identity and address

Use two pieces of ID, both have a name and have one person to confirm your address

Use two pieces of ID, both have a name and one has address

Use government issued ID including name photo and address

At least 18 years of age
Canadian Citizen
Elections are held on the third week of October every four years
Elections Canada is responsible for running all federal election
Advanced Voting
There are 4 days of advanced voting
Voters who may be busy on election day can vote earlier
Canada's Electoral System
"First past the post"

Party with the most ridings wins

Candidate with the most votes wins

1 winner per riding

1 vote per person

Issues

Minority Rule

Winner has more ridings than its competitors but less than half of all the ridings combined

Regionalism

Political power determined by population

Gerrymandering

Re-drawn riding boundaries to set up a sure win for a particular politicalparty

Alternative Voting Systems
Proportional System

The minority government would be very slow

It can result in greater fragmentation of voters making it difficult to form majority governments

It represents the wishes of the voters better

Preferential System

Disadvantages

This can be quite costly as well

Can be a very time consuming process

Advantages

Best represents the views of all voters

Always have a stable, majority government

Why people may not choose to vote?
Media influence
Trust in the system
Lack of interest in politics
Earn less income
Slightly less religion
Better educated
Less likely to be married
More likely born in Canada
Lack of political knowledge

Power and Privilege

Equality
Evenly distributed assistance and opportunities
Equity
Custom tools that identify and address inequality
Justice
Fixing the system or problem to provide equality
Unequal acess to opportunities

Example

3 laws of power
Power compounds (power begets more power)
Power is like water (flows like a current - politics harnesses that flow)
Power is never static (always increasing or decaying)
6 types of power
Numbers (power in numbers)
Ideas (ex. Individual liberty, racial inequality)
Social Norms (peer to peer expectations)
State action (government - law bureaucracy)
Wealth
Physical (police and militia)

Being a Civic Role Model and a Responsible citizen

Justice Oriented Citizen

Question and change

established systems and structures

Knows about

How to effect systematic change

Social movements

Seeks out and addresses areas of injustice
Critically assesses structures which

Economic

Social

Participatory/Active Citizen

Within established systems and community structures.

Actively participate

Take leadership positions

Know how government agencies work
Knows strategies for accomplishing collective tasks
Organizes community efforts to care for those in need
Active member of community organizations
Personally Resposible Citizen
To help solve social problems and improve society citizen must

Abide by the law

Be responsible

Be honest

Have good character

Volunteers to lend a hand in time of crises
Recycles, gives blood
Obeys Laws
Works & Pays taxes
Acts responsibly in their community
Purposeful Citizen
Understands

Reflects upon their thoughts and actions

Perspectives of others

Personal values

Role of the citizen

Active Citizen
Works with others to make a difference.
Knows when to get involved with issues of civic importance.
Resolve conflicts
Make decisions
Can collaborate with others
Who knows how to participate
Can think critically about issues of civic importance
Informed Citizen
Knows about democratic decision making and what it means to be a responsible citizen in a global, national and local setting.

Civic Issues

Religious

Discrimination

Economical

Environmental issues

Gap between rich and poor

Political

Riots

Exploitatiion

Corruption

Racism

Weak

Emotional Health

Academics

Mental Health

Physical health

Ablism

Inequality

Bullying

Sexism
Can occour anywhere
Social Societal Issues

Non-Governmental Organizations

Fair trade
What does it guarantee

Comply with international and domestic labour laws,

Protect the environment and maintain biodiversity

Receive a community development premium for projects

Stable minimum wage

Independent, third party inspection by Fair Trade institutions

Principles

Environmental stabilty

Community development

Democratic and transparent organizations

Fair labour conditions

Fair price

Definition

When producers in developing countries are paid a fair price for their work from companies in developed countries

Examples
CARE Canada
The United Way
Canadian Red Cross
Mighty Earth
Khalsa Aid
Forms of funding
Grants from other non-profit organizations
Income from sales of goods or services
Donations

Large donations from corporations or wealthy individuals

Small donations from individuals

Membership fees and dues
The idea is to perform a variety of service and humanitarian functions
Exists local, national, or international level
Non-profit organization

Bias in the Media

Different forms of biases
Bias by source control

Some sources include

An eyewitness

Police or fire officials

Executives

Elected or appointed government officials

A reporter

Always consider where the news item comes from

Bias through statistics and crowd counts

Inflation of numbers

Bias through use of names and titles

Labels and titles used to describe people, places, and events

Bias by photos, captions and camera angles

Photos can also influence opinion

Captions under photos can have exaggerated word choice

Flattering or unflattering photos

Bias by word choice and tone

Too much exaggeration may be used on words where not needed

Use of positive or negative connotation

Bias by headline

Too much excitement and exaggeration may be added where not needed

Some articles can be summarized right from the headline

Many people only read the headline of an article

Bias through placement

Organization is very important

The bottom of the news is info that readers will most likely not read

Stories on the first page are more important

Bias through selection and omission

Some details ignored or shown to change the reader's opinion

Choosing to use specific news items instead of others

Political Party Platforms

Green Party

Fund basic social services

Safe food and water

Early education

Improve the environment everywhere

Increase funding for public health care

Encourage healthy lifestyle

Use taxes to fund further research on environmentally friendly power sources

Reduce individual taxes and increase taxes on pollution producing industries

Strong government presence

Discourage waste and pollution

Environmentally friendly industries

Healthy communities

Conservative Party

Providing tax incentives to help with affordable housing and service to seniors

Increased research on alternative energy resources

Increasing fines on private companies and industries polluting

Reducing taxes to increase the purchasing power of citizens to maintain economic growth

Mixture of publicly funded and private health services

Limited government presence to reduce high spending of money

New Democratic Party (NDP)

Financially prioritize social programs

Service for seniors

Increased financial aid to cities

Daycare spaces

Increase government spending on research into alternative energy sources

Fully publicly-funded

Controlled by government

Use higher taxes to maintain government programs

Higher income paying more taxes than lower income

More government presence in society and economy

Liberal Party
Social Services

Finance social programs

Increased pensions

Service for senoirs

Affordable housing

Daycare

Environment

Research is funded for

current pollution sources

alternative energy resources

Health Care

Controlled by the government and is regulated by the Canada Health Act

Taxes

Base tax rate on income, with taxes reduced as government revenue from other sources increases

Role of the Government

Some government presence ensuring basic services to everyone