JE Universal Ancestor (DNA as Genetic Storage, ester bonds, cell membranes)

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Horses

par Bri Lyons

Flow Chart

par Anna Xu

INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY

par Joyce Ositelu

Evolution: Natural Selection

par Karissa Nicholson

Universal Ancestor (DNA as Genetic Storage, ester bonds, cell membranes)

Bacteria (presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall)

Escherichia coli

Main topic

Common Ancestor of Archaea and Eukaryote (histones)

Eukaryote (presence of membrane-bound nucleus presence of membrane-bound organelles)

Unikonta

Amoebozoans (movement with pseudopodia)

Slime molds

Opisthokonts (tripartate flagellar hair) (single posterior flagellum on swimming cells) (absorptive heterotrophy)

Subtopic

Animalila (multicellularity,gametic life cycle, mobility)

Metazoa Common ancestor of animlila

Eumetazoa (specialized tissues)

Bilateria (bilateral sym, triploblastic)

coelomates

deuterostomia (radial cleavage, indeterminate cleavage, blastopore becomes anus)

chordata

American Black Bear (Ursus americanus)

Echinodermata

Giant Sea Star (Pisaster giganteus)

protostomia (Sprial cleaveage, blastopore becomes mouth,lophophore and/or trocophore larvae, determinate cleavage)

ecdysozoa

lophotrochozoa (ecdysis)

mollusca

Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata)

Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus)

Chesapeake Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus)

Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas)

Acoelomates

Radiata (radial symmetry, diploblastic)

cnidaria

Moon Jelly (Aurelia aurita)

porazoa (no tissues)

porifera

Giant Barrel Sponge (Xestospongia muta)

Choanoflagellates (Desmarella moniliformis)

fungi (zygotic life cycle, chitin cell wall)

Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria)

Black Bread Mold (Rhizopus stolonifer)

Nucleariid (Nuclearia thermophila

Archaeplastida (primary plastids)

chlorophytes

Common Ancestor (Chlorophytes, Charophytes and Land Plants)

Common Ancestor of Charophytes and land Plants

Land Plants ( Sporic Life cycles, Embryos, Apical meristems, Gametangia, Sporangia, Desiccation-resistant spores)

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Common Ancestor of seedless Vascular Plants (lignin, xylem&phloem, leaves, dominant sporophyte generation, thick waxy cuticle, stomata)

Common Ancestor of Monilophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Megaphylls)

Common Ancestor of Seed Plants (Seeds, Pollen, Wood, Heterospoory, Ovules)

Angiosperms ( Flowers, Fruits, Endosper, Ovaries)

White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)

Gymnosperms

Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)

Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)

Monilophytes

Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris)

Lycophytes

Fan clubmoss ( Diphasiastrum)

Hornworts

Field hornwort ( Anthoceros agrestis)

Mosses

Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens)

liverworts

Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha)

Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii)

Rhodophytes

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)

SAR (Protists)

Rhizaria (filose pseudopodia)

Radiolarians

Stramenpila (tripartate flagellar hair) (secondary plastids)

Phaeophyta

Giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

Bacillariophyta

diatoms

Forams( Foraminiferas)

Excavata (Feeding Groove)

euglenoids

Archaea (ether bonds in cell membranes)

Methanobrevibacter smithii