Kategóriák: Minden - genetics - immune - pathogens - dna

a Rozaimi Razali 12 hónapja

136

Genetic Adaptation to Pathogens and How It Affects the Immune System Using Both Modern and Ancient Genomes

The study explores how genetic adaptation to pathogens influences the immune system by examining both modern and ancient genomes. Utilizing data from the Qatar BioBank, which includes various omics data and COVID-19 status for some individuals, the research aims to understand how historical changes in genomic sequences have shaped current disease predispositions.

Genetic Adaptation to Pathogens and How It Affects the Immune System Using Both Modern and Ancient Genomes

Genetic Adaptation to Pathogens and How It Affects the Immune System Using Both Modern and Ancient Genomes

COLLABORATION

What we are looking for?
Possibility of
K in the area of Paleogenetics
Expertise in ancient DNA

DATA

Modern DNA
Qatar BioBank

14,000 samples

transcriptomics

2K

metbolomics

proteomics

3K

questionnaire

14k

for some we have information of their COVID status

Ancient DNA
4 periods

Middle Ages

ancient skeleton

Iron Age

Bronze Age

Neolithic

settlement

AIMS

OBJECTIVES
Effects of ancient migratory patterns on predisposition to diseases

Those ancestors who remain as bedouin in Arabia

from living in abundance to bedouin lifestyle

Those whose ancestors migrated from Southern Arabia to Levant

from Hunter Gatherer to Farmers

Comparison of retroviruses & endogenous viral elements

how this increases the likelihood of getting diseases

exogenous

becomes pathogenic/infectious after time

human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)

increase predisposition to lymphoma

trigger for other diseases

human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

multiple sclerosis

endogenous

non-pathogenic/non-infectious after some time

human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs)

Subtopic

when did HERVs started to become non-infectious?

are there any proviruses that did not infect germ lines

i.e., exist in ancient but not in modern

Pathogenicity of variants over time

disease

Obesity and dyslipidemia

Artherosclerosis

Diabetes and insulin resistance

in particular

innate

number of genes

4000 - InnateDB

1500 - IRIS

evolutionary history of genes that encode for immune receptors

TOL and HMC

to look at presence/absence of

modifiers

eQTL

negative selection

give diadvantage

positive selection

give advantage

why?

how many non-deleterious variants in ancient past are now deleterious?

how many deleterious variants in ancient past are now benign?

what are the pathways or biological functions most affected?

at which ancient period did selective pressure occur the most?

how natural selection on immuno-related genes have impacted disease risk?

how changes in the genomic sequence over time shaped present-day predisposition to diseases
ext of our previous study show that

genetic diversity in just Qatari Nationals alone can represent large amount of MENA genetics

it is a multi-disciplinary research team

immunologist

archaeologist

geneticist

bioinformatician