Kategóriák: Minden - wages - strike - jobs - rights

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History Portfolio Mind Map

In response to rising costs of living and economic disparities, workers organized the Winnipeg General Strike to demand higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to unionize.

History Portfolio Mind Map

National Unity

Canada's Role In The World

The Treaty of Versailles
Vimy Ridge
Outcome

It was celebrated as a new coming of age for the Canadians

First allied victory since the beginning of the war

Four Victoria Crosses were given out at the end of this battle

Nearly 10,000 casualties in total in this battle

3,598 Canadians were killed

Ridge was conquered

Canadians won the battle

Background of the battle

Battle was led by Sir Arthur Currie

Each soldier was given a map of the ridge

'Soldiers knew the battle field like the back of their hands'

Made his soldiers train over and over for this specific battle

Implemented tactics learnt in different battles into his own

Never lost a single battle

His tactics were what led to ultimate success

Organized the troops in into waves of attacks

Ridge was important because it was a good strategic position. It was great for both offensive and defensive strategies.

Battle was fought through blinding sleet and snow.

The British and French had already failed to conquer this territory previously

The ridge was finally captured from the Germans

All four of the Canadian divisions fought together for the first time.

Took place on the western front in France

Battle

Often called the, 'Birth of Canadian national pride and awareness.'

Happened in April, 1917

League Of Nations
The fall of the League Of Nations

Later countries began to come together to make an organization that would be far more successful than the League. This new organization was named the United Nations or the UN.

The league of nations failed to stop WWII from occurring and as a result was dissolved in 1946

Canada

Made Canada seem more important as only the most powerful countries were in the league.

Important because it gave Canada a say in global issues

Had 3 seats in the league

Responsibilities

Deal with global welfare problems

Settle problems between countries

Prevent war

To maintain world peace

Founded after the Paris Peace Conference
Founded in 1919
Created after WWI

Minorities In Canada

Enemy Aliens
Sent into internment camps because they were from the enemy countries. Canadians believed that they would attack Canada and so were sent into interment camps where they were forced to do labour work.
Russians

From Enemy Side

Polish

From enemy side

Germans

From an enemy country

French Canadians

Didn't consider themselves Canadians

Didn't want to be apart of Canada

WWI

Conscription

Lots of riots and marches were taken out by the French

Raised lots of tensions in Canada

French Canadians were ultimately forced to got to war

Refused to go and fight or be apart of the war effort

Believed it to be a English war

didn't believe they should be apart of the war

Chinese
Coming into Canada

Racially profiled very regularly

Shops, stores and belongings damaged on purpose by the white living in their neighborhoods

Made to work labour jobs in Canada

Washing Dishes

Packing Fish

Hauling coal

Charged a head tax

Chinese Immigration Act $50 upon arrival

Japanese
The Japanese that did come to Canada

belongings, homes, stores, companies were destroyed or vandalized by the white people already living there

Treated with lots of racism

An agreement passed in Canada in the 1920's

Restricted immigration from Japan to a 150 people each year

Many restrictions on Japanese immigration in Canada

They had to pass many specifications to even get here

Black Canadians
After WWI

Treated very cruelly

Many were lynched in the U.S after the war

Their efforts in the war weren't recognized back in Canada

During WWI

Were oppressed and racially marginalized by the whites at the time

Made artillery in factories

Built trenches

Would carry the dead

Few made it to the front lines and got to fight

No.2 Construction Battalion

Not allowed in the battalions that fought on the front

Put in battalions that would build roads, and bridges

After the war

Treated very badly

Lost all of the freedom that they had gained during the war

Faced with lots of racism

Pushed away from cities and other people

No rights to vote

During the war

Felt included for once

Lots of freedom

Given many rights

Allowed to fight in the war

Economy/Labour Relations

Stock Market Crash
Black Thursday

Stock market began to plunge

October 24, 1929

Prices of stocks and companies began to drop

Black Tuesday

When the stock market literally crashed

When the prices of stocks were absolute zero

October 29, 1929

Happened because of how people were misusing the stock market

The Great Depression
People at the time

Poor

Belongings had been taken by the banks

No money

Were bankrupt

Had no food

Malnourished

Homeless

Living on the streets also meant that diseases were running rampid.

Happened as a result of the stock market crash
Winnipeg General Strike
Strike

After the strike

Positive Effects

Worker equality eventually became very important

Lots of the workers' rights were later granted

Social and economic problems of the worker's finally seen by government

Brought awareness to worker's rights

Forced to sign contracts saying they would never join a union

Many had no jobs to return to

Became illegal to join a union

Federal Government

Governments actions towards the strike

Government broadens the definition of sedition. (speech or action taken to set people up against the government.

Acts as a threat to other strike leaders

allows strike leaders to be arrested

Federal Immigration Act

Made to deport British-born immigrants

Federal employees forced to come back to work or face being laid off to come back to work or face being laid off.

Sets up meetings with the employers and the Citizen's Committee of One Thousand

Government supports the employers

Refuses to meet with the strike committee though

Comes in to Winnipeg to help with the building tensions between employers and employee's.

Strike committee

Formed to recognize the needs of the worker's

Formed to organize the tactics of the strike

One Big Union (OBU)

Was all across Canada

Supported workers and their rights

Citizen's Committee of One Thousand was formed in response to the strike

Made up of the richest people in the city

Were against the strike and convinced people against it.

ignored all workers' basic needs

Named all striker's 'aliens'

Actual strike

Bloody Saturday

2 strikers killed and 30 injured

Strike leaders put an end to the strike to avoid further conflict

Saturday, June 21

Thousands of strikers had come out to protest imprisonment of strike leaders

Special Police

2 strikers killed 30 injured

Attacked the strikers

Carried clubs and bats with spokes

Called in by the government

When the strike ended

The strike lasted 6 weeks.

25,000 to 35,000 workers walked out on strike

Happened Thursday, May 15, 1919

WTLC (Winnipeg Trades & Labour Council) Had a poll on whether or not to actually strike 11,000 voted yes, while only less than 600 were against it

Worker's Needs

A union

Wanted the right to bargain collectively

More rights at the workplace

More jobs

Most jobs had been taken over by women

Women had been kicked out to make space for the men entering the workplace

Higher wages

People were outraged that war profiteering individuals had a lot of money so they want money as well.

Workers wanted higher wages since the cost of living inflated. To keep up with the prices, they needed higher wages to support themselves and their families.

8 hour workday

They previously worked 12 hours a day.

Better working conditions

Unions

Protected worker's rights at the workplace

All unions for workers banned

Technology/Entertainment

Golf

Glenna Collett

American Hall of Fame golfing champion

Claimed her first of six U.S. championships in 1922

Bobby Jones

Most successful amateur golfer ever to compete on a national and international level

Tennis

Helen Wills

Won 19 single championships

Won 2 Olympic gold medals

Won the Wimbleton

William Tilden

First American to win Wimbleton

Football

Red Grange

Made 2 famous touchdowns

Played in the NFL

Boxing

Jack Dempsey

He fought 83 bouts, won 66 (with 51 KO’s), lost 6 (with 1 KO), and drew 11

Baseball

Babe Ruth

Played for

Boston Red Sox

New York Yankees

Hit a total of 60 homeruns in 1927

Baseball, Hockey and Football

Lionel Conacher

'The Big Train'

Basketball

Invented by: Dr. James Naismith

Track and Field

The Matchless Six

Jane Bell

Ethel Catherwood

Myrtle Cook

Ethel Smith

Jean Thompson

Fanny Rosenfield

Percy Williams

Set record for 100 m in the Olympics at 10.6 seconds

Sailboat Racing

The Bluenose

Undefeated champion of the International Fisherman's Trophy

Hockey

Howie Morenz

Won the Stanley Cup twice

Scored 51 points from 1927 to 1928

Presented with the Hart Trophy

Airplane

Connected Canada because people could now travel to different parts of Canada more easily and quickly

Could bring supplies and needed resources to isolated areas such as the territories

Created travel across further distances easier

Created jobs

'Bush Pilots'

Mainly people who flew jets in WWI were pilots of these planes

Commercial airplanes created after WWI

Telephone
Created

There was 1 telephone per four families in the 1920's. By 1929 there were 3 telephones per four families

Invented by Alexander Graham Bell

Easier to contact people living in more isolated areas

Brought Canadians together

The Edmonton Grads

502 wins and only 20 losses

Easier to contact family

Could contact people living very far away

Model T
Car created by Henry Ford: Also called the 'Tin Lizzie'

Uniting Canada

The car also increased mobile culture which also meant that people traveled more.

Made travel easier which meant that people traveled more. This united Canada because since travel was easier and cheaper people started to travel more.

Cars meant building of roads, motels, gas stations and such things to accommodate these cars

Created jobs for lots of people

Ended isolation of people living in remote areas

Advantages

Didn't cost much to make especially through the assembly line system

Workers could be paid less

Fewer workers were needed

Was easy to manufacture

Only one colour and engine were available

It was an incredibly popular way to travel

Affordable for all people

Film
Famous Actors

Gloria Swanson

Douglas Fairbanks

Greta Garbo

Clara Bow

Mary Pickford

Rudolph Valentino

Charlie Chaplin

What they were like

Were blurry and had spots

Live music played in the background

Near the end of the 20's these films were replaced by 'talkies,' films with sound.

Actors would wear a lot of make up and had to exaggerate all of their actions so that it was easier to understand what was happening in the film.

Text was used in the background of the movie so that audience would understand what was going on.

Films were originally silent movies, no sound

Black and white

Popularity

It was amusing for people to watch

Helped people to have some leisure time

Radio
Brought families together because they come together to listen to games, news, music and drama's.

Drama

Sports

Foster Hewitt's: Hockey Night

News

Music

Jazz music

Jazz dances also popular at the time

Changing Role Of Women

Flapper
Personality

Dancing/singing at clubs

Going to clubs

Smoking in public

Drinking a lot

dress

hair cut in a short bob

wore lots of makeup

lots of feathers on clothing

revealing clothing

heels

knee high socks

knee high skirts

Women of the roaring 20's were called flappers

These women put themselves out there more than ever

Work
Women took on these jobs during the war. When the men came back they had no jobs. So they decided upon kicking the women out of the workforce.
Women worked as

Bus Drivers

Factory workers

Tailors

Teachers

Nurses

Secretaries

Gaining Suffrage: The right to vote
Military Voter's Act

Made so that the government would get people to vote pro conscription

Women who had relatives in the army could vote

Person's Case

Considered women as people

Decided that women were eligible to sit in the senate

Rallies

Many women were beaten at these rallies and jailed for voicing thier concerns.

November, 1917 women rallying outside the White House were beaten and tortured by guards.

Women rallying for suffrage came from all different parts of Canada. All there for the same cause.

Women rallied a lot for their rights specifically for suffrage

Rejection

The women's suffrage pleas were rejected many times; However this didn't stop women from continuing to fight. These women fought no matter the circumstances.

Granted

Each province gave women the right to vote in different years

Women gained the right to vote in 1928

People who fought for the right

The Famous Five: A group of five women who got together and fought for the right to vote. They made really big impacts back then.

Irene Parlby

Women's activist

Canadian women's farm leader

Louise Crummy McKinney

First woman elected to a legislature in the British Empire

First woman sworn into the Legislative Assembly of Alberta

Women's rights activist

Canadian politician

Nellie McClung

Suffragette

Social activist

Politician

Canadian author

Henrietta Muir Edwards

Women's rights activist and reformer

Emily Murphy

Leader of the Famous Five

Judge

FNMI

Treaties
Indian Act

Prohibited sale of alcohol to FN"s

FN's not allowed to speak their language

Prohibited sale of arms to FN's

Only FN's going to university with rights

Could move an entire reserve

Could take reserve property away

Created reserves

Could lease out parts of reserve to other people whenever needed

FN's not allowed to make political organizations

Renamed people on these reserves with European names

FN's not allowed to leave reserves without permission

Introduced residential schools

Denied any woman status

Banned traditional dances

Reserves
Location

Land couldn't be farmed

Camp couldn't be easily set up there

Camp land was muddy and uneven

Could be kicked off of reserves whenever the government felt it was necessary

Far from any resources

Far from water any clean water reserves and reserves in general

Far from other people and essentially civilization

Life

No clean water

Sometimes no water at all

No resources for food to hunt

Couldn't practice culture

Totally controlled

Residential Schools
Many never made it out of these schools many died in these schools
Experience

Education

American/European Way Of Life

Laundry work

Field Work

Cleaning

Cooking

Farmwork

Religion

Christianity

Halloween

Easter

Thanksgiving

Christmas

Jesus

Language

French

English

Trauma

Pushed out of culture

Not allowed to speak their language

Only allowed to speak English or French

Their long traditional hair was cutoff

All were kids had the same hair cut

Change of clothes

Made to wear European clothes

Taught new ways of life

'Killing the Indian in the child"

Savage

Abuse

Emotional

Cultural

Culture made to look bad

Forced out of culture

Identity

Made to forget who they were

Loose cultural ties

Assimilation

Cannot speak native language

No more cultural clothes

Family made to look bad

Verbal

Spoken to in a demeaning way

Yelled at

Psychological

Isolated

Physical

Given labour jobs

Beaten

Sexual

Raped

Molested

Intergenerational Trauma

Parents of children who had been taken

Children dead

Jailed for trying to get their kids back

Drugs

Substance abuse

Lost children: can't find their children

Committed suicide

Fell into depression

Graduates coming out of these schools

Some former students families didn't recognise their children because of all the changes their children had gone through.

Children didn't recognise their families either

Graduates didn't remember their family

Some already had children due to the rape

The survivors children grew up in the same environments as their parents and so they also grew up homeless, addicted to drugs and essentially bad people

Were left homeless