Various methods of seed dispersal are essential for the propagation of plant species, utilizing diverse strategies to ensure seeds are spread over wide areas. Animals play a significant role in this process by consuming tasty fruits like blackberries and apples, with the undigested seeds passing through their digestive systems and being deposited elsewhere, often with a bit of natural fertilizer.
Lots of fruits are really tasty to animals ( and humans!) such as blachberries, apples and gooseberries. When an animal eats these fruits the little seeds are not digested pass through the animals, unharmed and surrounded by fertiliser.
Wind
Some fruits are adapted to catching the wind and being blown away such as sycamore 'helicopters' or dandelion 'clocks'.
Subtopic
Shakers
Poppy seed heads, when dried by the sun, have little holes all around their top(like a pepper shaker). These shake when it's windy and the tiny seeds are thrown out of the shaker through the holes.
Drop and roll
The casing of the fruits from trees such as horse chesnuts (conkers) split when they land on the ground. The fruit then rolls away from the tree.
Catching the lift
Some fruits have little tiny hooks on them such as burdocks and cleavers. These little hooks catch on passing animal if they brush against the plants and get carried away.
Bursting
These fruits suddenly burst open throwing the seeds in all directions such as peas, laburnum or gorse.
Water
Some fruits are water proof and can float. Coconuts are a good example.
