Gas Exchange

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type II

cells that secrete fluids containing surfactant

allows oxygen in the alveoli to dissolve and then diffuse

O2

diffusion

CO2

Gas Exchange

breathing system

Pneumocytes

type I

cells with small thickness of cytoplasm

lung cancer

abnormal cell growth causing tumors in lungs

smoking mainly, but also air pollution, exposure to radon gas, genetics

Ephysema

irreversible chronic disease because of the damage of the alveoli

smoking, chest infections, and air pollution

ventilation

maintaining concentration gradients

inhalation

alveoli in lungs

contraction of muscles

expiration

trachea

Intercostal muscle

Bronchi

bronchioles

alveoli

Diaphragm