Towns established
18th Century estate/new towns
Prospers
Mitchelstown
Westport
Middleton
Kenmare
Birr
Abbeyleix
Plantation towns
Ulster
Donegal town
Derry/Londonderry
Omagh
Bandon
Killarney
Anglo-Normans
Fethard
Athenry
Trim
Kilkenny
Vikings
Limerick
Wicklow
Wexford
Waterford
Dublin
Early Christian Ireland
Kells
Cork
Cashel
Clonmacnaoise
Ulster (and other Irish) Plantations
Success/Impact
Protestants developed a fear of Massacre
Segrgation
Catholics and Protestants separated
Native Irish became farm labourers
Irish culture
Gaelic Chieftains were 5he patrons of Irish culture
Completely diminished
Roads built
Ulster becomes the richest province after being the poorest
Housing
Irish lived in mud cabins
Chimneys
Windows
Slate roofs
stone houses
tithe was introduced so that 10 percent of your income went to the Anglican Church
Most of the native Irish Population were dispossessed
They either became outlaws, emigrated or paid high taxes
Neither could they get high ranking jobs
Land was drained
Barley, wheat, oats and flax were planted
forests were chopped down
Church of Ireland was the official church
Trinity college got 3 percent
got 20 percent of Lands
all catholic property belonged to the Church of Ireland
Gaelic culture declined
120000 immigrants came from 1641-1698
Loyal population`
English law, language and farming methods introduced
Plantation Of Ulster
Derry
Each trade of the London Trade Guild had an area of land
Londonderry and Coleraine built
Irish lived outside wall of Derry on the bogside
Irish outlaws who attacked the plantations were called tories
Central square
Diamond
Gridiron street pattern
Planned town
Walls of Derry
3 people who got acres land
Loyal Irish
had to build a bawn
12.50 euro for 1000 acres
Irish who fought for the King that are allowed to keep their land
Servitors
allowed Irish tenants
Had to build a bawn and a stone house
10 euro for a thousand acres
army officers who had worked in Ireland
Undertakers
Only allowed to take British and Scottish tenants
Most brought Irish tenants due to the lack of people coming over
Had to build a Bawn and a stone Castle
paid 6 euro Rent for 1000 acres
Scottish or English settlers
6 counties that were planted
private plantations
Down
Antrim
Armagh
Cavan
Tyrone
Derry
Donegal
Fermanagh
What were the Irish Plantations
2 Plantations Happened before the Ulster plantations
Munster
Plantation failed but not completely
England took Munster and divided it into 35 large plantations
He was put in the tower of London and his nephew rebelled against this
Thousands died being killed in battle, abroad or by famine
Papal forces were brought in but were wiped out
He fights the Ormands, who're loyal to Elizabeth
Queen Elizabeth I tries to take Munster from a Catholic Anglo-Norman, Gerald the 15th Earl of Desmond (who controlled from Dingle to Waterford)
Laois/Offaly
It failed completely
Mary I took over Laois/Offaly due to the Irish Clans O'Connor and O'Moore attacking the Pale and demanding Black Rent
The settlers would rent these lands for the Crown
Plantations was the policy of Removing the Irish people from their lands and replaced them with loyal English settlers
Ireland in 1500s
Henry VII had control over the Pale (Area surrounding Dublin)
His plan to Conquer Ireland was Surrender and regrant
The policy failed
Kept Catholic and the Brehon Law
Ireland did not accept the Primogeniture completly
Henry Left Ireland
He took troops when he needed them
He offers protection from neighboring tribes
If a rebellion happens the King gets the Land
All Irish Chieftains have to give their land to the King but got it back
Ireland had their own Kings for every territory (Tuath)
In the pale they
tilted to their land
followed English Law
Spoke English
Mac Murrough lost against him
He says that if he helps him hell become the King Of leinster
He goes to England to see Strongbow
Rory Ó Connor is the High king of Ireland
Dermot Mac Murrough is the King of Leinster
Feature of town life
Greater variety of jobs and trades
No farming
center of trade goverment
denser population
Conflicts based on Identity
People who wants to stay with Britain were called Unionists
People who wanted Ireland to be free were called nationalists
The troubles begin1968
Northern Ireland established/Belfast riots 1920
Belfast riots 1866
Religious Tension
Descendants of Ulster Unionists regard as themselves British
William of Orange And King James II
William of Orange creates the Orange Order 1795
Battle of the Boyne1690
James fled back to France and died soon after
the other 1/3 were caught off guard by the bulk of Williams forces and forced to retreat to Dublin
James brought 2/3 of his troops to fight them
William tricked James to believe that most of his troops were in the south
William was hit in the shoulder with a cannon shrapnel
William faced of against James on the edge of the Boyne
Siege of Londonderry 1688-89
Lasted 105 days until the British navy broke the defensive boom and forced James II to retreat
James II wanted to take the city but 13 apprentice boys locked the gates and Cried out "No Surrender"
He fled to France
Went to Ireland to raise a rebillion with 6000 French troops
William ousted Catholic King James out of England
Cromwell plantations
He introduced The Penal Laws and Protestant Ascendancy
Last to fall was Ross castle
Made most of Irish land go under Protestant landowners
after 1641 massacre Cromwell sailed to Ireland in 1649
1641
12000 planters killed
Native Irish attacked planters in a rebilling
Backround
James I imposes the Plantation of Ulster after the flight of the Earls 1607 (All Gaelic Leaders left Ulster)
9 year war
Treaty of Melifont 1603
Brings 9 year war to end
Scorched Earth Policy adopted
Burns crops, houses and kills animals
Battle of Kinsale 1601
O'Donnell is poisoned in Spain
This marked the final defeat for the power of the Gaelic families in Ireland
O'Neil and O'Donnell march to help them but loses to Lord Mountjoy
Phillip II (King of Spain) sends troops to Kinsale instead of the North
After initial failures she appoints Lord Mountjoy who has 17,000 troops
Battle of Yellow ford 1598
Battle of Clontibret 1594
Ulster rebbeled against England
Elizabeth starts bringing troops and officials to control areas from castles in Ulster
O'Neil comes together with the others to begin the 9 year war
Attacked by O'Donnell and Maguire
Appoints a Lord President to take Charge of all of Ulster
Hugh o'Neil
Prepares for war with the other local tribes
Bought weapons as far away as Poland
Trains and arms an army of his own tenants
Earl of Tyrone
