BIO concept map

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Gene expression

mutations

nonsense

missense

silent

translation

release factors

elongation factors

initiation factors

peptydal transferase

amino acids

ribosomes

Trna

starts at AUG

Transcription

at the end poly a tail and cap are formed

Prokaryotic type

happens in the cytoplasm

form MRNA

translation then happens forming amino acids

Eukaryotic type

happen in the nuclues

how Pre Mrna is formed

trnascription factors

Pol II pre Mrna

transcritption starting is with a template strand

termination

elongation

initiation

promoter

Organic compounds, water and types of bonds

hydrogen bonds

functional groups

methyl

phosphate

sulfyhydryl

amino

carboxyl

carbonyl group

hydroxy group

hydrocarbons

intercellular matrix

extracellular matrix

amphiphatic molecules

phospholipids

ionic bonds

non polar bonds

hydrohphobic interactions

polar bonds

hydrophilic interaction

Biological molecules

Nuleic acid

Nucleotides

have phosphate groups

phosphodiester linkages allow linkage

RNA polymers

RNA polymerase

DNA polymers

DNA polymerase

carboydrates

beta helicases

alpha helicases

disaccharides

glucose

C6H1206

synthesis of polymers

condestaion reactions

proteins

Subtopic

quartenary structure

tertiary structure

secondary structure

primary structure

polypeptide

R groups can be polar, acidic, basic, or non polar

acidic is negatively charged

positive charge makes it positive

OH, NH, SH, CO are all polar

CH3 non polar

to identify protein know the R group

Lupids

cholesterol

has an OH group

amphipathic

fat molecule ( triglycerol)

saturated

no kink

unsaturated

knk

cis

trans