Cardiovascular Drugs

Cardiovascular

by Lindsey robinson

effects of exercise

by Willmott Willmott

Staying Alive

by Rebecca White

problem 12

by maggie c

Pump (heart contraction)

Antiarrhythmics

Class IV

Tx for HTN, angina

Phase 2: block calcium channels, delay phase 1&2

diltiazem, verapamil (CCB)

Class III

Tx for V-fib, pulseless v-tach, cardiac arrest

Phase 3: block K+ channels

amiodarone, sotolol

Class II

Tx for SVT, PVC

Phase 4: prolongs rest phase decrease BP, workload

Beta blockers -lol

Class I

Tx for V-tach

Phase 0: block Na+ channels

Lidocaine, flecainide

CHF

Cardiac Glycosides

dig toxicity

check heart rate

make heart beat slower & harder

Digoxin

PDE inhibitors

Don't give with Lasix

AE: ventricle arrhythmias

increase contraction & increase SNS stim.

Milrinone. IV only

HCN blockers

caution w/ A-fib & heart block

AE: bradycardia, HTN, a-fib

slows SA node improves cardiac output

Ivabradine

AntiHTN

SNS blockers

check HR before administering

lower BP, lower HR

Block SNS response

Beta-blockers -lol

Diuretics

Pt. ed. reasons for med & compliance

1st line med for HTN

increase Na+ & water excretion frim kidneys

hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone

vasodilators

monitor pt. w/ CAD, CHF, tachycardia

lower BP, causes tachycardia

used in severe HTN emergencies

hydralazine, minoxidil, nitroprusside

AE: low BP S&S

slows contractility & impulses dilates arteries

inhibit movement of Ca+ in action potential Phase 2

-dipine

ARBs

AE: low BP S&S renal damage

lowers BP

block angiotensin II receptors

-sartan

ACE inhibitors

take on empty stomach

treats HTN

decrease BP decrease aldosterone

block angiotensin-converting enzyme=no Angiotensin II

-pril

AntihypoTN

Long term: midodrine (PO)

Short term: Norepi, epi, phenylephrine (all IV)

Stimulate SNS response

Increase BP, blood volume, & heart contraction

Plasma (blood)

Anemia Tx.

Epo stimulation

Monitor: HTN, seizures, Hgb level

IV or subq only

CKD, dialysis, cancer

epoetin alfa

Other anemias

Monitor GI & bone marrow

sickle cell: hydroxyurea, ABX

Megaloblastic: Folic acid, Vit. B12

iron deficiency

Diarrhea, dark stools

Z-track or PO

elevate serum iron

ferrous-

Cardiovascular Drugs

Medications used to manage cardiovascular conditions encompass a variety of drug classes, each targeting specific aspects of heart function and blood pressure regulation. Cardiac glycosides like digoxin enhance heart contraction but require careful monitoring for toxicity.

Cardiovascular

effects of exercise

Staying Alive

problem 12