Organigram

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Nordquist, Richard. "Warrants in the Toulmin Model of Argument." Thought Co., 14 April, 2014.

A warrant is a general rule indicating the relevance of a claim.

Metapatterns. "Toulmin’s Argument Model." English Composition II: Rhetorical Methods–Based. Edited by Lumen Learning. Lumen Learning, Portland, OR, 2019.

Rebuttal

Despite the careful construction of the argument, there may still be counter-arguments that can be used.

Qualifier

The qualifier (or modal qualifier) indicates the strength of the leap from the data to the warrant and may limit how universally the claim applies.

Backing

The backing (or support) for an argument gives additional support to the warrant by answering different questions.

Warrant

A warrant links data and other grounds to a claim, legitimizing the claim by showing the grounds to be relevant.

Grounds

The grounds is the basis of real persuasion and is made up of data and hard facts, plus the reasoning behind the claim.

Claim

A claim is a statement that you are asking the other person to accept.