GIZA GORPUTZEREN ANTOLAKUNTZA

EHUNAK, SISTEMAK ETA APARATUAK

door Asier Landaburu

Koordinazio sistema

door Alex Gomez-Rubiera

LOKOMOZIOA APARATUA

door David Bilbao Ruiz

NERBIO SISITEMA

door Itxaso Rolland

ANTOLAKUNTA MAILAK

IRAITZ A.

ZIRKULAZIO A.

UGAL A.

LOKOMOZIO A.

ARNAS A.

DIGESTIO A.

S. ENDOKRINO

NERBIO S.

ESKELETU S.

GIHAR S.

ZELULA

GIZA GORPUTZEREN ANTOLAKUNTZA

Tenses demonstrate the time of actions centered around the subject of the sentence. These actions are called verbs and change according to tenses.

ORGANOAK ,SISTEMAK ETA APARATUAK

Aparatua

Lokomozio aparatua

Arduratzen da

Gorputzaren organoen mugimenduaz

Lokomozioaz edo mugimenduaz

Ugal aparatua

Sortu

Ugal zelulak

Gameto

Zirkulazio aparatua

Hondakinak zeluletarik iraitz aparatua

Mantenugaiak zeluletara eraman

Iraitz aparatua

Kanpoaldera bidali

Oodolean dauden soberakinak

Zelulak sortutako hondakinak

Arnas paratua

Gas trukea

Oxigenoa odolera bidali

Karbono dioxidoa bota

Digestio aparatua

Lortutako mantenugaiak odolera

Elikagaien deskonposaketa

Sistema

Sistema endokrinoa

Hormonak sortu

Nerbio sistema

Informazioa hartu eta interpretatu

Barne

Kanpo

Erantzun egokiak prestatzea

Eskeletu sistema

Babestu

Organoen

Lokomozioa

Gihar sistema

Gorputzaren jarrerari eusteaz

Mimikaz

Lokomozioaz

EHUNAK

There are four Future tenses:

Future Simple ('with Will' and 'with Going to')
Future Continuous
Future Perfect Simple
Future Perfect Continuous

Nerbio ehuna

Glia zelulak

Elikatzen

Babesten

Neuronak

Neurona motorrak

Zentzumen neuronak

Gihar ehuna

Future Perfect Simple is used for:

an action that will be finished by a particular time in the future
an action that starts before and continues up to another action or time in the future
an action that will finish before a certain time in the future, but it is not known exactly when

Adverb used with Future Continuous:

tomorrow (e.g. tomorrow by 7)

Bihotzeko gihar ehuna

Structure:

Will + Subject + Have + Past Participle?

e.g. Will you have met your colleague by this time tomorrow?

Ez dira renobatzen

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I have been?Will you have been?Will he/she/it have been?Will we have been?Will you have been?Will they have been?

Form of word "to have":

Will I have had?Will you have had?Will he/she/it have had?Will we have had?Will you have had?Will they have had?

Gihar ehun ildaskatua

Structure:

Subject + Won’t Have + Past Participle

e.g. I won’t have met my friend form United States by this time tomorrow.

Uzkudura

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not have beenYou will not have beenHe/She/It will not have beenWe will not have beenYou will not have beenThey will not have been

Form of word "to have":

I will not have hadYou will not have hadHe will not have hadWe will not have hadYou will not have hadThey will not have had

Borondatezkoa

Bizkor

Gihar ehun leuna

Structure:

Subject + Will Have + Past Participle

e.g. I will have met my friend form United States by this time tomorrow.

Gernu maskuria

Odol basoak

Hestea

Urdaila

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will have beenYou will have beenHe/She/It will have beenWe will have beenYou will have beenThey will have been

Form of verb 'to have':

I will have hadYou will have hadHe/She/It will have hadWe will have hadYou will have hadThey will have had

Ehun konektiboa

Future Continuous is used:

for an action that is likely to happen in the future and continue for an expected length of time
for an action that will be in progress at some point in the future
for action verbs (e.g. running)
for predictions about future events

Adverb used with Future Continuous:

tomorrow (e.g. tomorrow at 5 o'clock)

Odola

Plaketak

Globuluak

Gorriak

Zuriak

Hezur ehuna

Z. osteozito izenekoak

Kartilago ehuna

Structure:

Will + Subject + Be +Verb-ING?

e.g. Will you be having fun at the party?

Z. kondrozito izenekoak

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I be being?Will you be being?Will he/she/it be being?Will we be being?Will you be being?Will they be being?

Form of word "to have":

Will I be having?Will you be having?Will he/she/it be having?Will we be having?Will you be having?Will they be having?

Gantz ehuna

Structure:

Subject + Won’t Be + Verb-ING

e.g. He won’t be having fun at the party.

Z. adopozito

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not be beingYou will not be beingHe/She/It will not be beingWe will not be beingYou will not be beingThey will not be being

Form of word "to have":

I will not be havingYou will not be havingHe/She/It will not be havingWe will not be havingYou will not be havingThey will not be having

Ehun honen funtzioak

Isolatzaile termikoa

Organoak babestu

Lipido erreserba

Ehun konjuntiboa

Structure:

Subject + Will Be + Verb-ING

e.g. You will be having fun at the party.

Lotailuak

Tendoiak

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will be beingYou will be beingHe/She/It will be beingWe will be beingYou will be beingThey will be being

Form of verb 'to have':

I will be havingYou will be havingHe/She/It will be havingWe will be havingYou will be havingThey will be having

Ehun epiteliala

Future Simple is used:

to predict an event in the future
to invite
to give orders
to express willingness
for actions that have not yet occurred but that will occur at a future date

Guruin epitelioa

'Going to' Future is used:

to talk about our future intentions and plans
for commands

Some adverbs used with 'Going to' Future:

later
tonight
tomorrow
next week
next month
next year

Mistoa

Structure:

BE + Subject + going to + Infinitive Form of Verb?

e.g. Are you going to read the whole book over the weekend?

Biak(pankrea)

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Am I going to be?Are you going to be?Is he/she/it going to be?Are we going to beAre you going to be?Are they going to be?

Form of word "to have":

Am I going to have?Are you going to have?Is he/she/it going to have?Are we going to haveAre you going to have?Are they going to have?

Exokrinoa

Structure:

Subject + BE not + going to + Infinitive Form of Verb

e.g. He isn't going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.

Ez odolera (kanpoaldea)

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I am not going to beYou are not going to beHe/She/It is not going to beWe are not going to beYou are not going to beThey are not going to be

Form of word "to have":

I am not going to haveYou are not going to haveHe/She/It is not going to haveWe are not going to haveYou are not going to haveThey are not going to have

Endokrinoa

Structure:

Subject + BE (am/is/are) + going to + Infinitive Form of Verb

e.g. She’s going to be a professional dancer when she grows up.

Odolera(barrualdea)

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I am going to beYou are going to beHe/She/It is going to beWe are going to beYou are going to beThey are going to be

Form of verb 'to have':

I am going to haveYou are going to haveHe/She/It is going to beWe are going to beYou are going to beThey are going to be

Estaldura epitelioa

Future Simple with 'will'' is used:

to predict the future
for something with absolute certainty
when we're talking about a decision at the moment of speaking
promises, requests, refusals, offers
future facts

Some adverbs used with Future Simple:

tomorrow
next week
next month
next year

Epidermisa

Structure:

Will + Subject + V1(First Form of Verb)?

e.g. Will you see Mary when she comes back from Denmark?

Azala( kanpo geruza)

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Will I be?Will you be?Will he/she/it be?Will we be?Will you be?Will they be?

Form of word "to have":

Will I have?Will you have?Will he/she/it have?Will we have?Will you have?Will they have?

Endotelioak

Structure:

Subject + Won’t (will not) + V1(First Form of Verb)

e.g. You won’t see Mary when she comes back from Denmark.

Odol hodien barnean

Bihotz barnean

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I will not beYou will not beHe/She/It will not beWe will not beYou will not beThey will not be

Form of word "to have":

I will not haveYou will not haveHe/She/It will not haveWe will not haveYou will not haveThey will not have

Muki mintzak

Structure:

Subject + Will + V1(First Form of Verb)

e.g. I will see Mary when she comes back from Denmark.

Arnas bideak

Ondestea

Hestegorria

Faringea

Aho barrunbea

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I will beYou will beHe/She/It will beWe will beYou will beThey will be

Form of verb 'to have':

I will haveYou will haveHe/She/it will haveWe will haveYou will haveThey will have

ZELULA ANIZTASUNA

Giza gorputzeko zelulak

250 motatakoak

Funtzioaren arabera

Forma

Tamaina

60 bilioi zelulak daude

Robert Hooke

Kortxosko xaflarxo bat ikusten (mikroskopio batekin)

Zelulak ikusi zituen baina hildak ziren

Giza zelulen egitura

There are four Past tenses:

Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect Simple
Past Perfect Continuous

Nukleoa

Past Perfect Continuous is used:

for an action that started in the past and continued up to another point in the past
to show cause and effect

Some adverbs used with Past Perfect Continuous:

since (e.g. since yesterday)
for (e.g. for 10 years, for 6 months)

Mintz nuklearra

Bikoitza

Poroak

Substantzien elkartruke

Nukleolo

Structure:

Had + Subject + been Verb-ING?

e.g. How long had they been living in London before moving here?

Erribosomen sorkuntzan lagundu

ARN-z osatuta

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Had I been being?Had you been being?Had he/she/i been being?Had we been being?Had you been being?Had they been being?

Form of word "to have":

Had I been having?Had you been having?Had he/she/it been having?Had we been having?Had you been having?Had they been having?

Kromatina

Structure:

Subject + hadn’t been/had not been + Verb-ING

e.g. I was tired because I hadn't been sleeping.

46 kromosoma osotu gizakietan

ADN-z osatuta

Z.zuzendu

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I had not been beingYou had not been beingHe/She/It had not been beingWe had not been beingYou had not been beingThey had not been being

Form of word "to have":

I had not been havingYou had not been havingHe/She/It had not been havingWe had not been havingYou had not been havingThey had not been having

Nukleo plasma

Structure:

Subject + had been + Verb-ING

e.g. They had been talking for over an hour before I arrived.

Nukleoaren likidoa

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I had been beingYou had been beingHe/She/It had been beingWe had been beingYou had been beingThey had been being

Form of verb 'to have':

I had been havingYou had been havingHe/She/It had been havingWe had been havingYou had been havingThey had been having

Zitoplasma

Past Perfect Simple is used for:

an action that began in the past and is still going on at the moment of speaking
an action that continued before and after another action
a change of mind
an action happening repeatedly in the past

The Past Perfect tense is not normally used alone. It is used to denote the earlier of two past actions. We use Past Simple for the latter action.

Some adverbs used with Past Perfect Simple:

already, before, ever, never
once, twice, yet
just, up to then
for, since

Organuluak

Structure:

Had + Subject + Past Participle?

e.g. Had they met Sarah before the party?

Zentrosomak

Zelularen zatiketarekin lagundu

Bakuoloa

Hondakin substantziak

Erreserbak

Lisosoma

Mantenugaien digestioa

Mitokondria

Arnasketa zelularra

Erribosomak

Proteinak sintetizatu

Golgiren aparatua

Gluzidoak sintetizatu edo fabrikatu

Erretikulu endoplasmatikoa

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

Had I been?Had you been?Had he/she/it been?Had we been?Had you been?Had they been?

Form of word "to have":

Had I had?Had you had?Had he/she/it had?Had we had?Had you had?Had they had?

Leuna

Pikorduna

Sintetizatu

Gorde

Garraiatu

Zitoeskeleto

Structure:

Subject + hadn’t (had not) + Past Participle

e.g. They hadn’t met Julia before the party.

Proteinak eskeleto moduan

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I had not beenYou had not beenHe/She/It had not beenWe had not beenYou had not beenThey had not been

Form of word "to have":

I had not hadYou had not hadHe/She/It had not hadWe had not hadYou had not hadThey had not had

Hialoplasma

Structure:

Subject + had + Past Participle

e.g. They had already met Julia before the party.

Bertan

Zitoeskeletoa

Organulu

Atal likidoa

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I had writtenYou had writtenHe/She/It had writtenWe had writtenYou had writtenThey had written

Form of verb 'to have':

I have hadYou have hadHe/She/It has hadWe have hadYou have hadThey have had

Zelula mintza edo mintz plasmatikoa

Past simple expresses:

an action that happened in the past and has no connection with the present
an action that happened once in the past
an action that happened regularly in the past
an action that was true for some time in the past
an event or action that already occurred
an action that is finite - has both a starting and a stopping point

Some adverbs used with Past Simple:

yesterday
last month, last year
ago (e.g. two days ago)
in (e.g. in 1997)
never, always, seldom, often, frequently, occasionally, once, twice

Eraketa

Structure:

Subject + did not/didn’t + Base Form of the Verb

e.g. They didn’t like my food.

Mintz bikoitza

Proteina

Lipido

Hiru geruza

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of word "to be":

I was notYou were notHe/She/It was notWe were notYou were notThey were not

Form of word "to have":

I did not haveYou did not haveHe/She/It did not haveWe did not haveYou did not haveThey did not have

Funtzioak

Structure:

Subject + Verb in Past Simple (2nd form)

e.g. They lived in Spain three years ago.

Substantzien trukea ahalbidetu

Kanpotik barrura

Barrutik kanpora

Z.inguratu

Z.babestu

Type in your own examples or you can also choose from the examples below.

Form of verb 'to be':

I wasYou wereHe/She/It wasWe wereYou wereThey were

Form of verb 'to have':

I hadYou hadHe/She/It hadWe hadYou hadThey had

ANTOLAKUNTZA MAILAK

There are four Present tenses:

Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous

Mailak

Organismo maila

Sistema eta aparatu maila

Organo maila

Ehun maila

Zelula maila

Maila molekularra

Es organikoak

Organikoak

Maila atomikoa

Maila subatomikoa

Zelulak

Present Perfect is used for:

an action that occurred at a time which is indefinite and has its effect on the subject
an action that occurred many times and has the possibility to occur in the present/future
an action that began in the past and is still going on in the present

Some adverbs used with Present Perfect:

just
already
yet
for
never/ever
up to now

Oinarrizko osagaia

Structure:

Subject + have/ has + Past Participle (3rd Form of the Verb)

e.g. She has finished the letter.

Bakoitzak bizi funtzio guztak bete

Zelula bakoitzak informazio genetiko gustia gordetzen du

Present Perfect Continuous is used:

to describe an action that started in the past and has continued up to the present
to describe an action that has just finished

Some adverbs used with Present Perfect Continuous:

always
only
never
ever
still
just

Zelula baten jatorria beste zelula bt da

Structure:

Subject + haven’t (have not)/ hasn’t (has not) + Past Participle

e.g. She hasn’t finished the letter.

GIZA GORPUTZEREN ANTOLAKUNTZA

Struktur tubuh manusia terdiri dari berbagai sistem dan jaringan yang berperan penting dalam fungsi kehidupan. Jaringan saraf, termasuk neuron dan sel glia, mengatur dan melindungi fungsi saraf.

EHUNAK, SISTEMAK ETA APARATUAK

Koordinazio sistema

LOKOMOZIOA APARATUA

NERBIO SISITEMA

ANTOLAKUNTA MAILAK

IRAITZ A.

ZIRKULAZIO A.

UGAL A.

LOKOMOZIO A.

ARNAS A.

DIGESTIO A.

S. ENDOKRINO

NERBIO S.

ESKELETU S.

GIHAR S.

ZELULA

GIZA GORPUTZEREN ANTOLAKUNTZA

ORGANOAK ,SISTEMAK ETA APARATUAK

Aparatua

Lokomozio aparatua

Ugal aparatua

Zirkulazio aparatua

Iraitz aparatua

Arnas paratua

Digestio aparatua

Sistema

Sistema endokrinoa

Nerbio sistema

Eskeletu sistema

Gihar sistema

EHUNAK

Nerbio ehuna

Glia zelulak

Neuronak

Gihar ehuna

Bihotzeko gihar ehuna

Gihar ehun ildaskatua

Gihar ehun leuna

Ehun konektiboa

Odola

Hezur ehuna

Kartilago ehuna

Gantz ehuna

Ehun konjuntiboa

Ehun epiteliala

Guruin epitelioa

Estaldura epitelioa

ZELULA ANIZTASUNA

Giza gorputzeko zelulak

250 motatakoak

60 bilioi zelulak daude

Robert Hooke

Kortxosko xaflarxo bat ikusten (mikroskopio batekin)

Giza zelulen egitura

Nukleoa

Mintz nuklearra

Nukleolo

Kromatina

Nukleo plasma

Zitoplasma

Organuluak

Zitoeskeleto

Hialoplasma

Zelula mintza edo mintz plasmatikoa

Eraketa

Funtzioak

ANTOLAKUNTZA MAILAK

Mailak

Organismo maila

Sistema eta aparatu maila

Organo maila

Ehun maila

Zelula maila

Maila molekularra

Maila atomikoa

Maila subatomikoa

Zelulak

Oinarrizko osagaia