Macromolecules

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Macro-molecules

Carbohydrates

Cellulose is the reason for carnivores and herbivores. Cellulose is found in all plants (All plants have cell walls) but not all animals can digest cellulose leading to some animals being herbivores (Those that can digest cellulose) and some animals being carnivores(Those that can not digest cellulose.)

Sugar

Starches

Cellulose (Cell Wall)

Glycogen

Structure

Quick Energy

Monosaccharides

Nucleic Acids

Stored information is passed from parent to offspring

Series of bases encodes information

Transmit Hereditary Information

Store Hereditary Information

Nuleotide

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

RNA is a single nucleotide chain, while DNA is a double nucleotide chain spiraled in a double helix.

Phosphorous

Lipids

Lipids are Non-Polar and Hydrophobic (Doesn't like water.)

Energy Storage

Cushions Organs

Insulates Body

Triglycerides

Phospholipids

Steroids

Waxes

Oils

Fats

Proteins

Monomer

Amino Acid

Unique Characteristics

Amino Acids are linked by peptide bonds. Each amino acid is the same except for the variable (function) group

Elements

Nitrogen

Carbon

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Functions

Immune System

Movement

Examples

Hair

Enzymes

Fingernails, Claws

Hormones

Muscle

Skin