Categorieën: Alle - estimation - algorithms - numeration - manipulatives

door Katie Mickelson 9 jaren geleden

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Math 1512 Mind Map

The fundamental principles of numeration and computation for elementary education focus on algorithms, mental arithmetic, and various numeration systems from history and present day.

Math 1512 Mind Map

Numeration and Computation

The goal of this mind map is to explain the basic concepts of numeration and computation in the elementary grades. The audience is pre-service teachers.

Nondecimal Positional Systems

Converting from other bases to base ten

This video shows you how to convert from other bases back to base 10

Converting from base ten to another base

This video shows you how to convert from base 10 to other bases.

Positional Systems

Numeration Systems Past and Present

Follow the link to find information on Egyptian Numerals, Roman Numerals and the Indo-Arabic System.

Indo-Arabic, or decimal system

See hyperlink on main topic for information regarding Indo-Arabic System.

Mayan System
Babylonian System

Babylonian Numeral System

Roman System

Roman Numeral System

Egyptian System

Egyptian Numeral System

Mental Arithmetic and Estimation

Rounding

The site attached has information on rounding for the elementary grades.

Estimation

The site attached has ideas and examples of estimation and is geared towards the elementary grades.

Work from Left to Right

The reason for this tip is that it tends to reduce the amount a person has to remember.

Adjustment

This term means that at the beginning of a calculation, we modify the numbers to minimize the mental effort required by adding "0".

Easy Combinations

Typically regrouping numbers to find multiples of 10.

Algorithms for Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers

Short-division algorithm

This video shows an example of the short division algorithm.

Division

Otherwise known as "repeated subtraction"

Multiplication in nondecimal bases such as base five or base six

This video will show an example of multiplying in "base 7"

Multiplication

Otherwise known as "repeated addition"

Algorithms for Adding and Subtracting Whole Numbers

Exchanging

This type of algorithm allows students to exchange pieces of manipulatives in order to represent the same number but with the smallest number of pieces.

Instructional algorithms
Understanding of positional notation and place value
Use of Manipulative Devices

Here are three examples of manipulatives that can be used for adding and subtracting whole numbers.