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Simple Present Using Prepositions of Time

- Rules: - The verb "to be" changes depending on the subject (am, is, are). - Add -ing to the base form of the verb. - Negative sentences and questions use the negative form (am not, is not/ isn't, are not/aren't).

- Usage: - To describe ongoing actions happening at the moment of speaking. - To talk about temporary actions or changes. - To express future arrangements or plans.

- Structures: - Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + Verb (-ing form) + Object - Negative: Subject + am/is/are + Not + Verb (-ing form) + Object - Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb (-ing form) + Object?

Simple Present Using Infinitives

- Rules: - Use the base form of the verb (infinitive) without any changes.

- Usage: - To express actions that are fixed, planned, or scheduled. - To talk about future events in a formal or impersonal way.

- Structures: - Subject + Verb (base form) + Object/Complement

Present Progressive

- Rules: - Use prepositions such as "on," "at," or "in" to connect the time expression with the verb.

- Usage: - To indicate when an action happens in relation to a specific time.

- Structures: - Subject + Verb (base form) + Object + Preposition + Time Expression

Simple Present Using Have or Has

- Rules: - Use "have" with plural subjects (I, you, we, they). - Use "has" with singular subjects (he, she, it). - Negative sentences and questions require the auxiliary verbs have/has.

- Usage: - To talk about possession, ownership, or relationships. - To express actions that began in the past and continue in the present.

- Structures: - Affirmative: Subject + have/has + Object - Negative: Subject + have/has + Not + Object - Interrogative: Have/Has + Subject + Object?

Simple Present Using the Verb to Be

- Rules: - The verb "to be" changes depending on the subject (am, is, are). - Negative sentences and questions use the negative form (am not, is not/ isn't, are not/aren't).

- Usage: - To describe permanent or temporary states or characteristics. - To talk about jobs, nationalities, or personal information.

- Structures: - Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + Adjective - Negative: Subject + am/is/are + Not + Adjective - Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + Subject + Adjective?

Simple Present Tense

- Rules: - For the third-person singular (he, she, it), add -s or -es to the verb. - Negative sentences and questions require the auxiliary verbs do/does.

- Usage: - To express habitual actions or general truths. - To describe facts, routines, or schedules. - To state opinions or beliefs.

- Structures: - Affirmative: Subject + Verb (base form) + Object - Negative: Subject + Do/Does + Not + Verb (base form) + Object - Interrogative: Do/Does + Subject + Verb (base form) + Object?