Natural Systems

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Natural Systems

Forces building/wearing down Earth

Folding: - When convergent plates collide, the plates fold. - Folding creates land that rises up in between convergent plates.

Erosion: - After weathering, erosion cleans up the smaller broken down portions of the Earth. - Climate and water are common ways erosion happens.

Weathering: - Rocks and other portions of the Earth are broken down. - The different types of weathering are mechanical, chemical, and biological.

Plate Tectonics

Transform: - Occurs when two different tectonic plates slides past each other in opposite directions. - The effects can be dangerous earthquakes.

Convergent: - Occurs when a oceanic and continental plate tectonic collide. - Since the oceanic plate is heavier, it goes beneath the continental plate. - The oceanic plate is cooled down because of the magma; creates land. - The continental plate rises to create a mountain.

Divergent: - Occurs when two different plate tectonics move away from each other. - Magma rises through the middle and can shoot up. - The magma cools down and creates a new layer of crust.

Geological Eras

Cenozoic era: - Started around 70 million years ago. - Rocky mountains form. - Early forms of mammals dominate. - Continents move to current position. - Ice age ends - first humans emerge.

Mesozoic era: - Started 250 million years ago. - Age of dinosaurs begins. - Large variety of fish and reptiles. - Most gas and oil deposits form. - First feathered birds and mammals appear.

Palezoic era: - Started 500-750 million years ago. - First reptiles appeared; abundant fish. - First life on land. - Sedimentary rocks form.

Natural Regions

Climate: - Climate is very cold in arctic regions - Climate is very humid and moist in southeastern regions because of it's relation to the equator.

Vegetation: - Exists in boreal and taiga forests. - Exists in grasslands, deciduous forests, mixed forests, tundras, and west coast forests.

Soil: - Exists in Tundras, wet climate, dry climate, and complex mountain areas.

Natural disasters

Tornadoes: - Forms when humid and warm air merges with cold and dry air. - Creates an updraft. - Updraft rotates to create tornado

Volcanoes: - Forms when a tectonic plates go through convergent, divergent, or transform boundaries.

Hurricanes: - Starts from Atlantic Basin. - Forms when wind blows on warm water. - the moist air rises and cools down. The water condenses and creates a large storm.

Rock Cycle

Metamorphic: - Means rock that went through the transformation of heat, pressure, or any other natural agencies. - Metamorphic rocks could have been a different type of rock, but went through transformation.

Sedimentary: - Formed through a process that starts with weathering, and ends with lithification. - Forms on Earth's crust.

Igneous: - Means fire. - Forms when lava or magma solidifes