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Location: Cover the skeletal framework just like the skin covers the skeletal.
Function: Movment of the Skeleton, which is when the body is in motion.
Characteristics- striated elongated fibers multinucleated voluntary can fatigue
The tissues are striated and are long fibers that create tendons and are voluntary movemnts such as when you are walking and when you are exercising it can cause tiredness with the muscles.
Muscle Tissue- is the only body tissue able to contract or shorten. The largest Muscle in the body is the gleutus maximus. Muscular tissue goes through the whole body like how there are veins running through the body.
Skeletal Muscle organization
You have individual muscle cells and fibers called the Perimysium. This is like the individual hair roots that are on the head
The Fasicles are wrapped in a thin connective tissue called an endoymysium along with each indivudal are wrapped in endyomysium
Each muscle fiber could be a piece of spaghetti uncooked spaghetti and then when you put all those prices of spaghetti together into a fascial the box or plastic you know thing that you put all those sticks of spaghetti in could be the perimysium. Which stops each fascicle and then if you have a box that contains many boxes of spaghetti that the outer box could be the epimysium
skeletal muscles Function: to move the skeletal system and bones and joints.
The epimysium is thicker, and it covers then entire muscle. A bunch of fascicles and wraps it around and then it becomes continuous it’s a continuous membrane or tissue that becomes a tendon which is a really tough connective tissue so it’s continuous with this structure, so it becomes a tendon which connects the muscle to the bone and um the other
The bunches of muscle cells and fibers that are wrapped in branches are called the Fasicles. This includes many bundles of wire put together called fasicles
The bunches of individual muscle fibers are wrapped in Perinysium. The fasicles are inside this strong protective connective tissue. That is made of steel like strong protective covering.
The Final Protective Layer that goes around the whole muscular Fiber is the epimysium it wraps around the whole connective tissue fibers that are bunched together.
Skeletal also: Maintains posture Stabilizes joints Generates heat – when you contract your skeletal muscles when you d been outside I. The cold and jog in place it warms you up and when you exercise you get warmer and you settle and it is the contraction of all of the muscles and regulates body temp A byproduct of as a result of contraction Mainstrains body temp Ex: shivering, exercising
Functions- serves as a pump to propel blood through vessels to all body tisue
Characteristics- Striated Unnueleated Involuntary Never Fatigues Intercalated discs whcih are speical gap junctions between fibers
Smooth Muscle Tissue
Location: Found in the walls of hollow organs (Tubes) They are often found in the stomach and hollow spaces throughout the body.
Function: Peristalisis to move materials throughout the body, and they move in wavelength movements through the body.
Characteristics- No Striations Striated Elongated Fibers unnucleated Involuntary
Smooth muscle function: it’s to move materials through the body.
Location: only found in one place of the body the heart just like the lungs are only found in the respiratory system.
Cardiac Function: produce movement of the heart pump just like how the oxygen from the respiratory system pumps oxygen throughout the body.
During Exhalation the lungs sink like when a balloon runs out of air.
The respiratory system and the muscular system are both voluntary and involuntary as you can hold your breath and exhale your breath and your body keeps your body breathing. Along with the muscles that work voluntarily and involuntarily. The muscle movements allow there to be breathibg mechanisms Involving with the diaphgram and the intercostals
The Respiratory System and The Muscular system work hand in hand in helping carbon mateirals such as carbon dixodie and other fluids move throughout the body like the digestive system moves food around using peristalsis the body uses it to move the air and msucular systems throughout the body
The respiratory systm is needed for the muscular system to function because the muscles of the skeletal system need the lungs and the respriatory system to give the tissue nutrients to move.
The esophagus shares skeletal muscle tissue to protect the lungs and the trachea from getting injured due to pollutants and irritants.
For muscles to function they need to recieve oxygen from the respiratory system. As working muscles produce gaseous wastes which are carried by the blood back to the respiratory system were they are carried out of the body
https://socratic.org/questions/how-does-the-respiratory-system-depend-on-the-muscular-system#:~:text=Explanation%3A,the%20respiratory%20system%20and%20expelled. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21205-respiratory-system https://www.visiblebody.com/blog/anatomy-and-physiology-the-relationships-of-the-respiratory-system
Specialized membrane that lines the air distribution tubes in the respiratory tree 125 m; of mucous produced each day Forms a mucus blanket Traps inspired irritants Cilia beat in only one direction Moves mucus upward to pharaynx for removal
Pharaynx (Throat) Structure About 12.5com 5 inches long Two nasal cavities, mouth, esophaguse, larynx, and autidotry tubes all have openings into the pharaynx Mucus membrane lines the pharaynx
Functions: Passageway for food and liquids Air distrubtion passageway for air
Epiglottis Mucous lining Vocal cords stretch across interior of the larynx Functions Air distribution, Voices Production
Respiration Mechanics of breathing Two phases Inhalation Expiration
Changes in size and shape of thorax cause changes in air pressure within that cavity in the lungs Air pressure differences actually cause air to move into and out of the lungs Inspiration- Active process- air moves into the lungs Muscles are required Diaphragm flattens during inspiration—increases top-to-bottom length of thorax External intercostals contraction expands the ribs Increases in the size of the chest cavity reduces pressure within it air then enters the lungs
Expiration A passive process Thorax returns to its resting size/shape In forceful expiration, muscles used are: Internal intercostals-contraction depresses the rib cage Abdominal muscles elevate the diaphragm Reduction in the size of the thoracic cavity increases its pressure and air leaves the lungs
Nose, pharynx, and larynx
Nose Structure Nasal Septum Mucous membrane lines the nose Sinuses drain into nose
Functions Wamrs and mositents inhaled air Contains sense organs of smell
Larynx Structure Framework of several pieces of cartilage Thyroid Cartilage
Lungs Structure: Fills chest cavity (with heart and blood vessels Apex- narrow upper part of each lung under collarbone Base- Broad lower part of each lung rests on diaphragm Pleura- moist smooth slippery membranes that line chest cavity and cover outer surface of lungs Reduces friction between the lungs and chest wall during breathing Friction Breathing (Pulmonary ventilation
Types of Breathing Eupnea- normal breathing Hyperventilation- rapid and deep respirations/ caused by physical and emotional stimuli (Stroke, Anxiety, etc.). More CO22 will be removed from the blood stream than the body can produce Hypoventilation- slow and shallow respirations Inadequate gas exchange causes increased concentrations of CO2 Many causes stroke holding breath opiate drugs etc. Dyspnea- labored or difficult respirations Apnea- stopped respirations Respiratory Arrest- Failure or resume breathing after a period of apnea.
Lower Respiratory tract
Trachea, Bronchial tree, and lungs
Trachea (windpipe) Structure Tube about 11cm (4.5) inches long Extends from the larynx into the thoracic cavity C-shape rings of cartilage hold trachea open Function Passageway for air to move to and from lungs Obstruction Blockage of trachea occludes the airway and if blockage complete causes death in minutes Tracheostomy- emergency surgery done to bring airflow back into the respiratory system.
Bronchi, Brolchioles, and Alveoli Structure Trachea branaches into right and left bronchi Each Bronchus branches into bronchioles Bronchioles end in clusters of microscopic albeolar sacs Wakks of these sacs are made up of alveoli Function: Bronchi and bronchioles- air distribution Alveoloi- exhcnage of gases between air and blood
Exchanges of gas in lungs CO2 from blood into alveoli and out of the body O2 from air into the alveoli then into blood Exchange of gases in tissues 02 from blood into the tissue CO2 from tissue into blood
The cellular level the gas is going straight to the blood that’s passing by from the alveoli straight to the blood that’s passing by from the alveoli across to the capillary with blood inside and so they’re just showering in the direction of gas floor from the red blood cells and so on.
