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Noam Chomsky

“Optimism is a strategy for making a better future. Because unless you believe that the future can be better, you are unlikely to step up and take responsibility for making it so.”

"The truth of the matter is that about 99 percent of teaching is making the students feel interested in the material. Then the other 1 percent has to do with your methods. And that's not just true of languages. It's true of every subject."

3. His theory doesn’t explain how individuals go from learning basic language to having grammatically correct adult-like speech

2. His ideas seem too simplistic/general

1. Many critics say that his scientific method and evidence is not backed up by enough research

4. If language input does not occur until after puberty, language acquisition becomes more difficult, and the individual won’t be able to achieve a full range of language

3. Until the age of 13, language is present in both hemispheres of the brain

2. From 0-5 years, exposure to audio input is detrimental in the language learning process

1. Individuals acquire language most actively between birth and puberty

CRITICAL PERIOD

4. Universal Grammar

C) Children only need to learn certain parts of their language to understand syntax because the ability to learn grammar is hardwired into the human brain

B) All languages share the same grammatical building blocks

A) Humans learn language by observing and memorizing grammatical cues

3. Humans are pre-wired to learn language

2. Human language is a basic instinct

1. Innate Knowledge

C) This is the same for ELLs, just as they have the ability to learn the basics of their first language, this transfers over when learning a second language as well

B) Babies and infants experience the same language development processes, no matter the language they’re learning

A) Chomsky claims we are all born with the ability to understand basic and complex language and grammar structures

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

LANGUAGE ACQUISITION DEVICE (LAD)

CRITICISM

"If you assume that there is no hope, you guarantee that there will be no hope. If you assume that there is an instinct for freedom, that there are opportunities to change things, then there is a possibility that you can contribute to making a better world."

"When we study human language, we are approaching what some might call the "human essence," the distinctive qualities of mind that are, so far as we know, unique to man."

4. Mainly All children become fluent in first language by the age of 6

This is also true for ELLs when learning a second language because it normally takes about 5 years for children to be at par with their classmates in terms of writing and speaking in the English language

2. Language does not need to be taught

Living and learning in “natural environments” (an environment in which the child is exposed to the target language inside and outside of the classroom) will permit the student to naturally acquire the basics of language

1. Theory that children are born with a hard wired syntax which gives them the ability to grasp ‘basic language’

Once basic language is formed, children eventually learn new vocabulary and apply learned syntax from this stage to form sentences

3. Language learned through exposure to our environment and our day to day interactions

ELLs when exposed to english language in class will slowly begin to pick up language from those around them including peers, teachers and other English-speakers