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Unit 2 Motion

Mini Lecture 2.4: What is friction?

Should Knows: -Define friction, normal force Should Do's: -Identify variables that influence friction -Calculate the forces required using the friction equations

Calculating force Fnet= Fa + Ff

Revised force equation: Fnet= m(a) F=total force m=mass a= acceleration

What variables influence friction? (independent variable)

-Normal force (mass): increase the contact force -Surface texture: increase surface areas= contact force -Surface area (amount of contact) -Motion: decreases the contact force

Mini Lecture 2.2

Should know: Define vector, scalar, distance, displacement Should do's: -Explain the difference between: vector and scalar quantities, distance and displacement

Distance Vs Displacement

Displacement: -a vector quantity distance and direction traveled by an object CHANGE IN MOVEMENT Vector quantities: Displacement, Direction, Acceleration, Velocity

Distance: -A scalar quantity -Distance traveled by an object during its motion Scalar quantities: Length, Area, Volume, Speed, Mass, Density

Mini Lecture 2.3: Calculating force

Should knows: Define mass, acceleration, speed Should do's: Use the force equation to quantify a model Calculate the speed of an object

DIPP D: draw the force diagram I : identify the variables P: plan find the equation P: plug in the numbers and slove

What is speed? The rate body changes its position. r=distance/time

Acceleration due to gravity is: 10 meters/sec per sec

Calculating force: F=ma F: Net force (Kg m/s2) m:Mass (Kg) a: Acceleration (m/s2) The unit for force is the Newton 1 Newton (N) = 1Kg x m/s2

Mini Lecture 2.1: Describing Forces

Should know: Define: force, normal force, contact force and non contact force. Should Dos: Explain the difference between contact and non contact forces create and interpret free body diagrams

How do we describe forces?

WE USE FREE BODY DIAGRAMS

Fg : Force of the object or weight Fn : Normal force the force perpendicular to the surface and object is on contact with Ff : Force of friction (small f is always friction) Fa : applied force- the push of pull BIG F = force

-Gravity has a negative value -Normal force has a positive force -Forces moving left are negative -Forces moving right are positive

Subtopic

Are there non contact forces?

Attract or repel, even from a distance

Example -Magnetic force -Electric force -Gravitational force

What is a contact force?

Contact Force: A force that requires contact between objects. Examples are tension, normal force, and friction.

-Applied force -Spring force -Drag force -Frictional force -Normal force (If there is no contact between surfaces, there is no normal force

What makes object moves?

Force: energy that changes the motion of a body

Endothermic vs exothermic

LAw of conservation of energy: Energy can not be crested or destroyed it can only form

Exothermic: Energy is released into the surrounding enviorment

Endothermic: Energy is absorbed from the surrounding enviorment

What is inertia?

What variables affect inertia? -Friction -Mass

The resistance to a change in motion

Mini Lecture 2.0

Should Knows Define: Should Do's 1. Explain Newton's Laws. 2. Identify Newton's Laws at work for various models. 3. Apply Newton's Laws to quantify an outcome for a given model. 4. Identify the limitations of Newtons Laws.

What are Newtons Three Laws?

Newtons Third Law of Motion: When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body (i.e. Equal and opposite forces.)

Newtons Second Law of Motion: The vector sum of the forces on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplies by the acceleration vector of the object (i.e Force equals mass times acceleration. f (force) = m (mass) x a (acceleration)

ASSUMPTIONS BY NEWTON: 1. Newton's laws work on objects having a constant velocity, no acceleration, in a straight line. 2. The motion of a body is a relative to a frame of reference.

Newtons First Law of Motion: An object either remains at rest or concintues to move at a constant to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. (i.e.: Objects in motion tend to stay in motion. Objects at rest tend to stay at rest.)