Connecting
utterances to the
background

is noun phrases is a significant aspect of the grammar of English and will be used as a starting point here.

Definite

Proper names

Selene

Personal
pronouns

The, this, that, these, those, its, their, her, his, your my, our

Indefinite

Determiners

a, an, some, another, several, most, no, enough, any.

Indefinite
pronouns

Somenthing, someone, somebody, anything, anyone,
anybody.

Grammarians call theunmarked transitivetype of clause active,when contrasting themwith passive clauses.

The music of speaking alanguage. Content words arethe words in a sentencewhich are stressed. Thesewords carry new information

Is syntactically-located intonational prominence

Functions as semantic or pragmatic signalling work

have similardistinguishing traits to theones listed earlier forpseudo-clefts:
a clause with an unspecifiedargument

WH-cleft constructionscan beof
the form:
WH-word ? is/was/ will be