INTRODUCTION TO OBJECT- ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (OOP)

The implementation details generally include

Restructuring the class data

Implementation of methods

Implementation of control

Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA) is the process of defining the problem in terms of real-world objects with which the system must interact.

The primary tasks in OOA are

Identifying objects

Organizing the objects

Defining the object attributes

Defining the behaviour/ function of the objects

Describing how the objects interact

It clarifies and documents the requirements of a system.

Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) is a technical approach used in the analysis and design of an application / system.

Combination of OOA and OOD approach

applied throughout the development life cycle to foster better product quality and even encouraging stakeholder participation and communication.

and even encouraging stakeholder participation and communication.

Advantages of OOAD

easy to understand.

easy to maintain. Due to its maintainability OOAD is becoming more popular day by day

provides re-usability

reduce the development time & cost

improves the quality of the system due to program reuse

Disadvantages of OOAD

not easy to determine all the necessary classes and objects required for a system

difficult to complete a solution within estimated time and budget

Without an explicit reuse procedure this methodology do not lead to successful reuse on a large scale

An instance or specific example of a class.

Example

If Cat is the class, then Betsy, Ladi, Patches, Jake, Radar, and Frosty are specific instances of the class found in my house

Data value or state that describes an object and helps you to tell one object from another of the same class

operation or function that an object can perform.

Classes and objects are building blocks of OOP approach.

Class

A class is a template or blueprint to create an object.

Object

Is an instance of a class.

Characteristics of real world object are variables or data members in a class.

Behaviour of objects are called as methods or member functions of a class.

Subtopic

Subtopic

Car is a real world object and it has its own characteristics like colour of the car, size, model of the car, engine capacity and so on.

UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a graphical language designed to capture the artifacts of an OOAD process.

provides a comprehensive notation for communicating the requirements, behavior, architecture, and realization of an Object-Oriented design.

provides you with a way to create and document a model of a system.

Refers to the concept of representing only the essential features of a data without including the non-essential details.

Refers to the mechanism of wrapping up of data and methods (that operate on the data) into a single unit (class).

Inheritance

Refers to the concept by which one class derives the properties of another class.

Polymorphism

Refers to the ability of an object to take on many form. Eg: buttons on remote control.