junior cert music

semibreve = 4 beats

dotted minim = 3 beats

minim = 2 beats

crotchet = 1 beat

quaver = 1/2 beat

piccolo

smaller version of flute

higher pitch

flute

made of metal

played horizontally

clarinet

oboe

double reed

cor anglais

sax phone

bassoon

cymbals

triangle

xylophone

tubular bells

kettle drums

gloekennspiel

piano

tambourine

gong

celesta

earliest movies were in black and white and no soundtrack until the 1920s

john williams

born on february 8th 1932

pianist

wrote scores for indiana jones and jaws

hans zimmer

wrote scores for pirates of the caribeann and pearl harbour

michael giacchino

wrote scores for many disney movies such as ratatouille and inside out

danny elfman

wrote scores for tim burton movies eg the corpse bride and alice in wonderland

diegetic - its actually playing whilst filming

non-diegetic - added into scene later on via editing

time signature

consists of 2 numbers one on top of the other

at the beginning of a piece

tells you how many beats / values are in each bar

intervals

semitones - half steps

tones - whole steps

violin

smallest string insturment

highest pitched strings

has 4 strings

played with a bow

pizzicato

theres 1st and 2nd violins

1st violins play melody, 2nd violins play harmony

viola

2nd smallest strings

harmonies

has 4 strings

cello

2nd largest string instrument

harmonies / solos

double bass

lowest pitched strings

biggest string instrument

widely used in jazz

harp

has 47 strings

17 peddles

solo instrument

pizzicato

cisando

french horn

huge range

has 3 valves

trumpet

smallest brass instrument

highest pitch

trombone

no valves

tuba

largest brass instrument

1650 - 1750 ( 100 years )

ornamentation

fugue

expression

rhythm

a collection of notes with different durations

melody

pulse

tempo

refers to the speed of the music

lento - presto

bpm = beats per minute

dynamics

dynamics refers to the volume of music

pianississimo - fortississimo

timbre

pitch

pitch means the sound of the music such as high and low