Background Information of The Kite Runner

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Background Information of The Kite Runner

UN Efforts in Afghanistan

Although the UN is aiming to help, Afghanistan many are being attacked.

October 28, 2004, members were kidnapped and not returned until November 23.

A staff member was murdered.

November 2003, bomb exploded outside of UN offices.

The International Security Assistance Force

to help curb the illegal Opium growing

55,100 troops

to secure Kabul + surrounding areas from Taliban

4 main stages all over Afghanistan

established on December 2001

setting up democratic elections + immunization + education

United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan

18 regional + provincial offices across Afghanistan

headquarters in Kabul

to support the Government to improve security + governance + economic development

created on March 28, 2002

Afghanistan joined the UN in 1946.

Human Rights Abuses

Common Human Rights Abuses in Afghanistan

Limits on freedom of movement; Citizens are not allowed to leave the country at will.

Homosexuality is a capital crime.

Islam is official religion. All law and governance must comparatible with Islamic morality.

Government takes freedom of media.

Prisoners endure torture, humiliating punishments and inhumane treatment. There has been many unfair trials in criminal affairs.

Children are abused; rights are stripped; used as as child labours and child soldiers.

Women are kidnapped for trafficking and sex and labour.

Afghanistan has been named the most dangerous country in the world due to poor health care and education, poverty and high levels of violence.

Universal Human Rights

Everyone has the right of freedom of expression and beliefs.

Everyone has the right to freedom of the press.

Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate to the health of oneself. This includes family, foods=, clothing, housing, medical/social services, education.

No one shall be subjected to cruel, inhumane or degrading treatment/punishment.

Slavery and the slave trade is prohibied in all forms.

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security.

Mass Graves

2001, Afghanistan Mass Graves

7,500 bodies were dumped/buried in mass grave in desert.

Many suffocated, starved to death or shot.

They were loaded into shipping containers on way to Sheberghan prison.

8,000 Taliban fighters were surrendered to the Northern Alliance.

targets are specific religious + ethnic + racial groups

possibly victims of uncontrolled law executions, not having died in combat

buried quickly for sanitaiton reasons

created after large number of people die/are killed

due to a crisis that causes mass graves, propler burial and identification is not possible

a grave containing multiple number of human corpses, which may or may not be identified prior to burial

Khaled Hosseini

currently, as a goodwill envoy to the United Nations Refugee Agency

the humanitarian themes in his novels are mirrored by his real-life endeavors and accomplishments

2007, A Thousand Splendid Suns was published

2003, The Kite Runner was published + instant success

this relationship became the basis of The Kite Runner's central characters

used to teach his servant in Iran how to read and write

2001, began his first novel, The Kite Runner

1996, became a physician

1980, received political asylum in the US

1965, born in Kabul, Afghanistan

Immigration Process to the U.S.

Refugee

either from repressive regimes or natural disaster

Asylum

those who are persecuted due to race, religion or beliefs

Diversity Lottery Program

countries with low rates of emigration to the US

Immigrant Investor Process

invest either giant sums of money in companies in the country or to create new companies in rural or economically dpressed area

Employer Sponsored

certain skilled workers to come to the US by virtue of their abilities alone

Immediate Relative and Family Sponsored

sponsor--American--'s spouser, children, parent or sibling

Taliban of Afghanistan

was forcibly removed from power by the U.S. + its allies after the September 11, 2001, attacks

provided support for the al Qaeda terrorists

fundamentalist Muslim movent whose militia took control of much of Afghanistan from early 1995, and in 1996 took Kabul and set up a radical Islamic state

Russian Invasion of Afghanistan

1989, Russians were gone.

1988, Soviet Union resigned and called the end of the war.

1982, UN General Assembly called for withdrawal of Forces.

1982, Mujahideen controlled 75% of Afghanistan.

Many Afghan soldiers retreated dto Mujahideen and Kamal government needed 85000 Russian soldiers to stay in power.

December 27, 1979, Amin(the Prime Minister) was replaced by Babrakkamal.

Christmas 1979, Russian paratroopers landed in Kabul to support a legitimate government and quell Mujahideen.

Ethnic Groups of Afghanistan

Hazaras

reside in Central Afghanistan where mostly barren dry mountains

10% of population

speak Farsi

famers + shepards

Pashtuns

reside in North to South along the border

40% of population

speak Pashto

largest + most powerful

Religion in Afghanistan

Clothing for Women

One should not dress in order to gain the admiration sympathy of others.

thick enough to cover colour of skin

loose enough to hide shape of the body

cover everything including face and hands

wear just head covering

cover everything except hands

not all muslims were Hijabb whether they are Sunni or Shia

Common 5 Pilgrims

pilgramage to Hajj

giving to the poor

El-Shahada

fasting during Ramadan

praying 5 times a day

Shia Muslims (14%)

believe that the leadership should be inherited

Sunni Muslims (85%)

believe that the religious leader should be elected

Culture of Afghanistan

known for oriental handmade rugs

war + conflict + destroyed + banned all entertainment

Marriage

traditions + rituals of the ancient culture

at age 16 for girls

Music

instruments

Tobla (drum)

Robab (6 stringed)

Harmonium (piano)

folk songs + balsads

Language

Persian + Pashto are main languages

Dance

The Attan

Clothing

women

long dress + trouser + burqua + black shoes + head scarf

men

coats + hats + real fur + embroidery + "Kamiz Shalwar"

cotton + wool

Games

Buzkashi

goat killing

Kites

art form

outdoor sport

common hobby for more than 100 years

Food

Afghani Kebab

Aqbeli Palau

rice + chopped and fried carrots + raisins

Afghanistan's Climate and Geography

Climate

snows everywhere but South Afghanistan

South is hotter than North

dryness + great ranges in temperature

Water

rivers never reach the sea

river rise in the mountains, yet mostly limited amounts of water

Land

mainly lugged mountains + barrenplateaus + swept desearts

very dry