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Marine life, sea life or ocean life, is represented by the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the saltwater of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.
At a fundamental level, marine life affects the nature of the planet. Marine organisms produce oxygen and sequester carbon.
Fish are limbless cold-blooded vertebrate animal with gills and fins living wholly in water.
Species in the shark subclass have skeletons made from cartilage, not bone, and have five to seven gill slits on each side of their heads (most other fish have only one gill slit on each side), which they use to filter oxygen from the water.
Enumerate a few of the most known species of sharks:
Marine invertebrates lack a vertebral column, and some have evolved a shell or a hard exoskeleton. Some of them can collect bacterias or even absorb harmful components. For instance, sea sponges are able to take in the excess amount of ammonium in the ocean water.
They have more than 10,000 species, name a few that are the most common.
Marine plants consist of two major types, the seagrasses, and the algae and seaweeds.
Seagrasses represent members of some of the more complex plants, while algae and seaweeds display simple forms and are often microscopic.
Gather information about marine plants:
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups.
The 3 main types of reef are: atoll, barrier reefs, fringing reefs.
Write down their characteristics as well as the importance of the reefs
Marine mammals are aquatic mammals that rely on the ocean and other marine ecosystems for their existence.
They include animals such as seals, whales, manatees, sea otters, and polar bears. They are an informal group, unified only by their reliance on marine environments for feeding.
Currently, of the approximately 12,000 extant reptile species and subspecies, only about 100 are classed as marine reptiles: extant marine reptiles include marine iguanas, sea snakes, sea turtles and saltwater crocodiles.
Write down some interesting facts about sea turtles, like how long they live or how long can they dive, etc.
