Categorii: Tot - epidemiología - infección - mortalidad - tratamiento

realizată de Mónica Garavito 4 ani în urmă

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Micosis en el entorno hospitalario

Las infecciones micóticas en hospitales son un problema crítico de salud, especialmente en pacientes inmunodeprimidos y aquellos con hospitalizaciones prolongadas. Entre las levaduras, las especies de Candida representan la mayoría de los casos de candidemia, con una tasa de mortalidad elevada si el tratamiento antifúngico no se inicia dentro de las primeras 12 horas.

Micosis en el entorno hospitalario

Micosis en el entorno hospitalario

The first division between continents was made by ancient Greek navigators, who named them 'landmass, terra firma'.

Generally classified by convention rather than any strict criteria, nowadays seven regions are regarded as continents from a geopolitical point of view.

Clasificación de riesgo

Riesgo bajo
El resto de las unidades asistenciales
Riesgo intermedio
Unidad de quemados
Salud de urgencias
UCI
Qurófanos
Alto riesgo
Implantación de prótesis
Transplante hepático, de pumón
Quirófanos

Elementos predisponentes para el desarrollo de candidemia

Antarctica is not only the coldest place on Earth but also the highest, driest, windiest and emptiest, completely covered with ice.

75% of the world's ice and 70% of the Earth's fresh water is located here.

Summer months of December to February give 24 hours of light, while the winter months of late March to late September are pitch dark the whole day.

There are no permanent inhabitants, except for scientists maintaining research stations in Antarctica.

Alteración de la flora microbiana normal

Antarctica sees half a year of light and half a year of complete darkness.
Write down which months give 24 hours of light, and which are the ones that give pitch darkness the whole day.

Defectos en la inmunidad celular

The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was recorded here.

Write it down.

Neutropenia

Write down the temperatures of the Frozen Continent during the summer and the winter.

Principales factores asociados a la mortalidad

You can find on this continent:

Retraso en el inicio del tratamiemto
Persistencia de hemocultivos positivos

The world's largest snake and the second-longest lives here.

Name this snake as well as other animals that can be found in South America.

Falla ventilaroria

The largest forest, which covers 30% of South America's total area, is famous for its biodiversity. It’s crisscrossed by thousands of rivers, including the powerful Amazon.

Name this forest as well as its type.

Puntualidad APCHE II

The world's highest uninterrupted waterfall can be found here.

Write down its name, height and the country in which you can find it.

Enfermedad de base

There are 12 countries that make up South America.

Name as many of you can! Don't forget about their capitals.

Elementos que han incrementado las micosis hospitalarias

North America has five time zones and it is the only continent with every type of climate.

North America was named after the explorer Amerigo Vespucci and is also known as the 'New World'.

The world's largest sugar exporter among the seven continents - Cuba - also called the 'sugar bowl of the world' is located here.

Uso de antibióticos de amplio espectro
Pacientes en unidad de cuidados intensivos

The specialty of some animals is they are found only in a particular region and nowhere else in the world. North America is home to many of such amazing animals.

Name at least 6.

Hospitalización prolongada

Native Americans have lived along this river and its tributaries for thousands of years. Most were hunter-gatherers, but some formed agricultural societies.

Formed from thick layers of the river's silt deposits, this river's embayment is one of the most fertile regions of the United States; steamboats were widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries to ship agricultural and industrial goods.

Name this river.

Proliferación de transplantes de órganos sólidos

The world's largest freshwater lake by surface area and the third-largest freshwater lake by volume can be found here. It provides a route for the transportation of iron ore, as well as grain and other mined and manufactured materials.

Large cargo vessels called lake freighters, as well as smaller ocean-going freighters, transport these commodities across this lake.

Name this lake.

Pacientes inmunosuprimidos

There are 23 countries that make up North America.

Name as many of you can! Don't forget about their capitals.

Infección nosocomial por levaduras diferentes a Candida spp.

Australia is the world's smallest continent and is also known as an 'island continent' as it is surrounded by water on all sides.
It includes 14 countries and it is the least populated continent.

Its name comes from the Latin word 'australis' meaning 'southern' because it lies entirely on the south of the equator.

Histoplasma cappsulatum
No suele ser un germen nosocomial
Cryptococcus neoformans
Levaduras inhaladas, llegan a los espacios alveolares
Rhodoturula

Australia is home to some animals that can't be found anywhere else in the world.

Name at least 6 of these unique animals.

Se encuentra en manos del personal hospitalario
Poco virulenta
Fungemia asociada a catéter
Trichosporum beigelli

The largest sandstone monolith can be found here and it is one of Australia's most recognizable natural icons. It is the largest monolith in the world.

Name this rock and write down one of the characteristics it is famous for.

Fungemia
Endocarditos
Piodermitis
Malassezia pachydermatis

The largest coral reef can be found here.
Name this coral reef, add its length and mention what type of coral is it.

Involucrado en brotes en UCI neonatales
Malassezia globosa

Out of 14, how many countries you can name?

How about these countries' capitals?

Infecciones invasoras en enfermos inmnodeprimidos

Resistencia a los antifúngicos

Of the seven continents of the world, Africa is the second largest.

Africa comprises 54 countries and it is the hottest continent.

The equator passes through the middle of Africa and it receives direct sunlight throughout the year.

The world gets 66% of its chocolate, 50% of the gold and 95% of the diamonds from Africa.

Se recomienda extender el tratamiento, mínimo por dos semanas después del último cultivo +

What are the major animals found in Africa?
Also, there are a few species that can be found only in Africa.

Name at least 6 of these animals.

Name
Diferencias geográficas en relación con la suceptibilidad al fluconazol:

The largest hot desert in the world which used to be a lush region with many plants and animals.

The current climate makes it a difficult place for any life to exist. It is hot, dry, and windy.
Very hot during the day but the temperature can drop sometimes to below freezing at nights.

It rarely rains, some regions can go years without seeing a drop of rain.

Name this desert.

Latinoamérica 62.1%
Norteamérica 64%
Asia 80.5%
No parecen ser capaces de transferir genes de resistencia de una especie a otra

The world's longest river can be found here, famed for its ancient history and the archaeological sites along its shores.
This river gave rise to the early Egyptian civilization.

Name this river and add its length.

Cambios en la composición del ésterol de la membrana plasmática

Out of 54, how many countries you can name?

How about these countries' capitals?

Reduce:

Captación del antifúngico

Tratamiento: anticipado y empírico

Asia is the world's largest continent of the seven continents in size, as it covers one-third of the earth's surface.

It includes 50 countries, and it is the most populated continent, 60% of the total population of the Earth lives here.

Tratamiento empírico: pacientes con alto riesgo de infección, con síntomas o signos. Los medicamentos de elección son fluconazol, anfotericina B y caspofungina

Asia houses the highest point on earth.
Name this summit and write down how tall it is.

Decisión basada:

Suceptibilidad local

Fluconazol: medicamento de elección, cepas de Candida spp. son sensibles

Name as many as you can out of the 48 countries located in Asia.

Write down the capitals too.

Epidemiología

Europe is separated from Asia by the Ural mountains and the Caspian Sea.

It is surrounded by water on three sides: Mediterranean Sea in the south, Atlantic Ocean in the west, and the Arctic Ocean in the north.

Three-fourth of the world's potatoes grow in Europe.

La mortalidad es mayor cuando el médico tarda más de 12 horas en el inicio de tratamiento antifúngico

Europe is one of the smallest continents, yet it is home to some of the largest mountain ranges.

About 20% of the total landmass of the continent is considered mountainous.

Name the 5 longest mountain ranges in Europe.

C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis y C. tropicalis representan el 95% de todos los casos de candidemia

The most beautiful cities in the world can be found in Europe. History, architecture, arts, and famous cuisine is representative almost to each country.

Out of 51 countries how many you can name?
And how many capitals?