Science, Technology, and Society

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Floating topic

Technology as progress

But is technology always progressive?

Moral backwardness

Technology as human destiny

Modern warfare

Neutrality of technology

Technology is neutral if it falls into any of these categories:

Uncontextualized tool

Tool of science

Ambiguous use of technology

Social change

Technology facilitates change through information and communication technology for development (ICT4D)

Technological inequality

3 levels of technological inequality

1. Widening gap between capitalists and the workforce 2. The workforce demands more technological skills 3. Divide between industrial and developing countries

The Socio-technical approach

Tech and society mutually shape eachother

3. Vague on what gears support the mutual shaping process

2. Unclear on what links tech & society together to form a preliminary relationship

1. Vague in determining the cause of social change

Lecture 11: Ethical Dimensions of Technology (Quan-Haase, 2013)

The Singularity

Lecture 10: AI and Transhumanism (Farman, 2012)

3 main perspectives of surveillance

Lecture 9: Big Data and Surveillance Society (Quan-Haase, 2013)

Lecture 8: Technology and Imperialism (Misa, 2011)

Techno-brain burnout

Lecture 7: Michael Harris' The End of Absence (Harris, 2014)

Relationships Transformed by Technology

The Toronto School of Communication

Ong

McLuhan

The medium is the message

Innis

Havelock

Content of thought & organization of thought

Lecture 6: Techno-Mediated Relationships (Quan-Haase, 2013)

Social capital

Public affects and private effects

Supplemental (includes 4 additional mediating factors)

2 emerging trends in the Internet's effects of users

2. Networked individualism

Organic solidarity

Networked individuals

Socially connected individuals

Socially limited individuals

Mechanical solidarity

1. The richer get richer

Binding social capital

Bonding social capital

Type of Internet use

User's defining characteristics

Previous forms of community

User's previous Internet experience

Dystopian

Utopian

Wellman's 3 theoretical views

Community-liberated

Community-saved

Community-lost

The public sphere

The spiral of silence

Ideal speech situation

Gesellschaft

Nation-state

Gemeinschaft

Amish societies

Lecture 5: The Re-Imagined Community (Quan-Haase, 2013)

Inherently political

Solar Power — decentralized and democratic

Factories — centralized and authoritative

Tools to order society

Low-hanging bridges

Lecture 4: Politics of Technology (Winner, 1980)

Lecture 3: History of Technology (Quan-Haase, 2013)

Additional Challenges of STS

Ultimate end-goal: holistic and qualitative approaches to STS

Utopia

Dystopia

Lecture 1: Defining Technology (Quan-Haase, 2013)

Lecture 2: Theories and Concepts (Quan-Haase, 2013)

Contemporary discussions of technology

What mysteries lie in the cosmos?

What is beyond the physical world?

Using technology to answer metaphysical questions

What is human destiny?

AlphaGo

Utopian and dystopian narratives

Job loss

Medical usage, like chemotherapy nanotechnology

Strong AI

Narrow AI

Deep Blue Chess Computer

Superlongevity

Bryan Johnson

Super happiness

Superintelligence

Philosophy

Transhumanism

Cultural view

Revolutionary view

Functional view

PANOPTICON

Sousveillance

Strategies for protection

Hierarchical observation

Normalizing judgement

Mourning online

Virtual stranger loss

Virtual mourning

1. Family creates a narrative of the deceased’s life 2. Family expresses their sorrow online 3. Family praises the deceased 4. Family asks for the deceased's help

Examination

Power

Rationalization

Capitalism

Counter-surveillance

New surveillance

Foucault and societal power relations

A tool of surveillance, especially after the Indian Mutiny — rebellion suppressant

The Indian Mutiny was intervened by British troops because they received a telegraph before the lines were cut

The Opium Wars between Britain and China was won by the Britain because of steam gunboats

Telegraphs

Railways

Steam engines

Religion

Christian missionaries "debunk" Hinduism with "Christian technology"

Race

White superiority because of technological strength

Indians are "lazy" for not participating in the rape of nature

Technologies that built the empire via control:

British colonization of India was justified by:

The impacts of technology depends on the user and the technology's embedded values

Supplemental

U: democratic and accessible information

D: New modes of communication dissocialize young adults

D: Screens nurture children

Solution? Slowly limit exposure to redundant technology until gaps are found in daily routines

Empathetic AI

Coursera.com

Rejection of the "orienting response"

Reading is unnatural

Streaming sites for a self-broadcasters

Dystopian and utopian

New online subspaces

Niche dating realms

Socially determined technology

Neuroplasticity

Celebrities like Whitney Houston, for example

3 ways of how social media becomes normalized as a tool for daily communication

1. Media ideologies 2. Idioms of practice 3. Second order communication

Breakups 2.0

1. Persistence 2. Searchability 3. Replicability 4. Invisible audience

Romance online

Friendships online

Time bias & space bias

Primary orality & secondary orality

Social Construction of Technology

1. Relevant social groups

2. Interpretive flexibility

3. Closure and stabilization

4. Wider context

2nd Industrial Revolution

3rd Industrial Revolution

4th Industrial Revolution

Basalla's theory of the evolution of technology

The Stone Age

Ancient Technology

The Renaissance

The Industrial Revolution

Electronic Times

Information Society

Filipinos use cellphones more than they do the internet because of their cultural context

Socio-technical norms

Social informatics

Actor Network Theory

instrumentalism

Feenburg's theory of technology

Augmentation

Simulation

Challenges in STS

Target groups & technological inequality

Ethics

Non-linear direction & recursive patterns

Changing social uses

Unprecedented social change

Rapid technological advances

Technological society's ethical and moral breadths

Primary book themes

Too narrow, broad, and abstract

Technology defined: Material substance, knowledge, practice, technique, and society

Technology is an ASSEMBLAGE of various factors, such as attitudes, norms, beliefs, and social context

Flowchart