Transition Metals

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Transition Metals

Properties

Chemical Properties: -Formation of colorful compounds. -Magnetic properties. -Ability to act as catalysts.

Physical Properties: -Shiny, metallic luster. -Good conductors of electricity and heat. -High melting and boiling points. -Malleable and ductile.

eg. iron, nickel, copper, zinc

Example of Key Transition Metals

Iron (Fe): Found in hemoglobin, important in construction. Copper (Cu): Excellent conductor, used in electrical wiring. Titanium (Ti): Known for strength-to-weight ratio, used in aerospace. Zinc (Zn): Used for galvanizing steel to prevent rusting.

Trends in Properties

-Increase in Atomic Size as you move down a group. -Increase in Ionization Energy across a period. -Decreasing Reactivity as you go from left to right

Magnetic Properties

-Some transition metals are paramagnetic (e.g., Copper). -Others are ferromagnetic (e.g., Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel).

Complex formation

-Ability to form complex ions -Formation of colored compounds due to d-d transitions in electronic levels.

The have multiple oxidation states

Transition metals can form multiple positive oxidation states.

Alloys

Transition metals are often used to form alloys. These alloys typically have enhanced properties such as increased strength or resistance to corrosion. E.g. steel and bronze.

Found in the middle of the Periodic table from groups 3 to 12