Anorexia Nervosa

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Anorexia Nervosa

Risk Factors

Transitions

A new school, home, job, a breakup, or the death and illness of a loved one, or even change itself can cause emotional stress and increases the risk of anorexia. Stress is also a trigger for those who are already suffering from an eating disorder.

Dieting and Starvation

Starvation and weight loss may change the way the brain works in vulnerable individuals, which may perpetuate restrictive eating behaviors and make it more difficult to return to normal eating behaviors (Mayo Clinic, 1998-2019).

Starvation affects the brain = changes in mood, thinking, anxiety, and reduction in appetite.

Symptoms of of anorexia are symptoms of starvation.

Genetics

Those with first-degree relative, sibling, or child who had the disorder.

Changes in specific genes

Complications

Kidney Problems

Electrolyte abnormalities (low potassium, sodium, and chloride)

Gastrointestinal problems (constipation, bloating, and nausea.

Decreased testosterone in males

Absence of period in women

Osteoporosis

Heart problems

Anemia

Environmental

Peer pressure among young boys and girls, with a higher percentage of girls, usually ages 12-25.

Success and worth = being thin

Modern Western Culture

Social-Psychological

Family History

Eating Disorders

Alcoholism

Depression

Social Activity

Communication with friends and family serve as a mold for a person's behaviors, causing constant concern with food and body weight.

Independence

Teens with this disorder usually lack the opportunities to perform certain activities on their own, which then produces the need for independence.

Eating disorder characterized by an abnormally low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted perception of weight/body image.

Biological

Heredity

This eating disorder is in significantly higher frequency among individuals that are biologically related to anorexic patients. In the genetic level, there is evidence that it occurs at a rate of 50% between identical twins, and 10% in fraternal twins or twin sisters (Wozniak, 2012).

Perseverance

Sensitivity to food items and activities

Genetic tendency towards perfectionism